Core shell columns 17 4 2012 J Het

Core shell columns 17. 4. 2012 J. Heřt

[1] [2] -synonyms: solid core particles, Fused-core particles -Most recent available particle size is 1. 7 mm (core 1. 25 mm, layer 0. 23 mm)

Vendors and Available phases Vendor Column/product name Average particle diameter (μm) Shell thickness (μm) Stationary phase chemistry Advanced Material Technology Halo 2. 7 0. 50 C 18, C 8, HILIC, RP-amide, phenylhexyl, pentafluorophenyl Advanced Material Technology Halo Peptide-ES 160 Å 2. 7 0. 50 C 18 Agilent Poroshell 300 5 0. 25 C 18, C 3 Agilent Poroshell 120 2. 7 0. 50 EC-C 18, SB-C 18 Sigma–Aldrich Ascentis Express 2. 7 0. 50 C 18, C 8, HILIC, RP-amide, phenylhexyl, pentafluorophenyl Sigma–Aldrich Ascentis Express Peptide-ES 2. 7 160 Å 0. 50 C 18 Phenomenex Kinetex 2. 6 1. 7 0. 35 0. 23 C 18, XB-C 18, C 8, HILIC, pentafluorophenyl Macherey-Nagel Nucleoshell 2. 7 0. 5 RP-18, HILIC Thermo Scientific Accucore 2. 6 0. 50 C 18, a. Q, RP-MS, HILIC, phenylhexyl, pentafluorophenyl Sunniest Sun. Shell 2. 6 0. 5 C 18 Commercially not available Eiroshell 1. 7 0. 35 0. 25 0. 15 C 18 [5]

History of LC particles size -1960 s – The concept of shell particles was first applied by Horvath and co-workers, leading to the start of HPLC [9] - Kirkland proposed better efficiency of 30 – 40 mm core-shell particles compared with fully-porous particles [9] -1970 s - first Core-shell particles were developed – improvement in the manufacturing of high-quality fully porous particles inhibit success of the shell particles [9] - 10 mm porous particles -1980 s - 5 mm porous particles -1990 s - 3 mm porous particles -Present – sub-2 mm porous particles and Core shell

Sub-2 mm particles limitation -High mobile phase velocity obtained with high pressure gradient generates FRICTIONAL HEAT[3] -is increasing with increasing flow rate -is causing a serious degrease of column efficiency Core shell - higher efficiency with sub-2 mm particles [3]

Core shell columns and Van Deemter equation: H = A +B/u + Cu A-value (Eddy dispersion) - narrow particle size distribution in addition to an enhanced roughness of their surface compared to porous particles, leading to a smaller A-coefficient by about 40%[4, 3] [8] [6]

Core shell columns and Van Deemter B-value (Longitudinal diffusion) - the solid core also has a direct consequence on the B-value because analytes cannot axially diffuse in the solid inner core; 20% decrease in comparison with porous particles [4, 3] C-value (Mass transfer resistances) – solid core, impenetrable by analytes cause shorter diffusion path – C-value is reduced [4, 3] [2] [1]

Core shell columns and Van Deemter [6]

Core shell columns and Van Deemter [7]

Core shell columns and Van Deemter [8]

Applications – Fast HPLC [10]

Applications – UPLC efficiency in HPLC [10]

Applications – Comparable to sub-2 mm columns [10]

Applications – Better efficiency [11] Fig. 4. Zoomed chromatograms of BSA. Columns: (1) Aeris WIDEPORE C 18 (150 mm × 2. 1 mm), (2) Acquity BEH 300 C 18 (150 mm × 2. 1 mm), and (3) Ascentis Express Peptide ES C 18 (150 mm × 2. 1 mm). Temperature: 50 °C, injected volume: 1 μL, detection: 210 nm. Mobile phase A: 0. 1% TFA in water, mobile phase B: 0. 1% TFA in acetonitrile. Gradient steepness: β = 4%ΔB/min.

Core-shell Advantage -Fast HPLC – shorter diffusion path -Unusual efficiency in HPLC -Efficiency comparable to sub-2 mm particle, but with about one-half pressure drop -Better efficiency at high mobile phase velocities -Sharp Peaks – narrow particle size, consistent bed -Lower mobile phase comsuption -Posibility of next miniaturisation of particles in LC

Literature [1]www. chromexscientific. co. uk/Products/HPLCColumns/Sun. Shell/tabid/2804/language/en-GB/Default. aspx [2] www. phenomenex. com/Kinetex/Core. Shell. Technology [3] Gritti, F. , Guiochon, G. Comparison of heat friction effects in narrow-bore columns packed with core–shell and totally porous particles, Chemical Engineering Science 65(2010) 6310 -6319 [4] Ruta, J. et col. Evaluation of columns packed with shell particles with compounds of pharmaceutical interest, Journal of Chromatography A 1228 (2012) 221 -231 [5]Fekete. S et. col. Fast liquid chromatography: The domination of core–shell and very fine particles, Journal of Chromatography A 1228(2012)57 -71 [6] Gritti, F. , Guiochon, G. Mass transfer kinetics, band broadening and column efficiency, Journal of Chromatography A 1221 (2012) 2 -40 [7] http: //imtechnology. co. kr/ipblue/img/product/Fused_core_particle. pdf [8] Oláh E. , Fekete S. et col. Comparative study of new type, sub-2 mm fully porous and monolith stationary phases, focusing on mass-transfer resistance [9[ Fekete S. et col. New trends in reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separations of therapeutic peptides and proteins: Theory and applications, Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, In-press [10]https: //phenomenex. blob. core. windows. net/documents/f 3 b 68963 -1 b 7 f-4703 -929 a-bc 756546530 a. pdf [11]Fekete. S et. col. Evaluation of a new wide pore core-shell material (Aeris. TM WIDEPORE) and comparoson with other existing stationary phases for analysis of intact proteins, Journal of Chromatography A 1236(2012)177 -188