Copyright 2010 Pearson Education Inc Publishing as Prentice
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 1
Technology in Action Chapter 3 Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resources Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 2
Chapter Topics • • Origin of the Internet Forms of Internet communication Internet multimedia E-commerce Managing online annoyances Web browsers URLs Hyperlinks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 3
Chapter Topics (cont. ) • • • Search engines Boolean operators Evaluating Web sites How data travels on the Internet service providers Future of the Internet Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4
The Origin of the Internet • ARPANET – Advanced Research Projects Agency Network – Funded by the U. S. government in the 1960 s – Allowed computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other over great distances Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 5
The Web vs. the Internet • Internet – Connected servers (hardware) • Web – Connected documents (data), part of the Internet – 1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee – 1993: Mosaic browser – 1994: Netscape: beginning of the Web’s major growth Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 6
Internet Communications • • Instant messaging Podcasts Blogs and vlogs Webcasts Wikis Voice over Internet (Vo. IP) E-mail Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 7
Instant Messaging • Real-time, textbased conversations • List of contacts: buddy list • Contacts must be online • IM software detects presence • Example: AOL Instant Messenger Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 8
Podcasts • Podcasts: Compressed audio/video files distributed on the Internet • RSS (Really Simple Syndication) technology allows constant updates for subscribers • Podcasts are all over the Web – Need “aggregator” software to gather podcasts – Need media player software to play them • Simple to create Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 9
Blogs and Vlogs • Weblogs: blogs – Available to the public – Simple to create, read, and manage – Entries listed on a single page, with most recent entry at the top – Searchable • Video blogs: vlogs – Digital video clips playable on media player software Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 10
Webcasts and Wikis • Webcasts: Broadcasts of audio/visual content over the Internet – Not updated automatically – Use streaming media • Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change their content – Provide source for collaborative writing Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 11
Voice over Internet Protocol • Vo. IP: Using the Internet to place phone calls • Uses technology similar to e-mail to send voice data digitally • Requires speakers, a microphone, an Internet connection, and a Vo. IP provider • Services differ: – – Free services require an account on both ends. Paid services connect phone to computer. Cable/DSL providers offer phone through broadband. Wi. Fi IP phones call through Internet hotspots and wireless networks. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 12
Voice over Internet Protocol Advantages Disadvantages • Free or low cost • Portability • Convenience • Sound quality • Less reliability • Loss of service when power is interrupted • Security issues Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 13
E-mail • Electronic mail • E-mail accounts – Client-based – Web-based Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 14
Group Communication • • • Internet social networks Multiplayer online game services Chat rooms Newsgroups Listservs Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 15
Social Networks • Social networks: online personal networks – My. Space. com and Facebook. com • Members share common interests. • Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, video, and blogs. • Members create personalized profiles. • Growth has been explosive. • Risks must be recognized and reduced. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 16
Multiplayer Online Game Services • Multiplayer online games: play occurs over the Internet among many other players • Persistent or ever-on game environment • Some games let you interact with other players Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 17
Chat Rooms • Real-time, text-based conversations • Rooms can focus on specific topics or interests or be general interest • Identity protection – Username • Netiquette: rules of polite interaction Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 18
Newsgroups and Listservs • Newsgroups – Online discussion forums – Members post and reply to messages – Create or respond to “threads” • Listservs – Electronic mailing lists of e-mail addresses of people interested in a topic – Threads are sent as e-mails – Less public than newsgroups Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 19
Web Entertainment • Multimedia: – Involves forms of media and text • Graphics • Audio • Video – Streaming audio and video – Some files require a plug-in program Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 20
E-Commerce • E-Commerce: conducting business online – Business-to-consumer (B 2 C) – Business-to-business (B 2 B) – Consumer-to-consumer (C 2 C) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 21
E-Commerce Safeguards • Online transactions can be safer than traditional retail shopping. • Veri. Sign is a company that certifies that online transactions are secure. • A closed padlock icon indicates a secure Web site. • The URL changes from http: // to https: //. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 22
Online Shopping Guidelines • Shop at well-known, reputable sites. • Pay by credit card, not debit card. • Check the return policy. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 23
Online Annoyances • • • Spam Cookies Adware/pop-ups Spyware Malware Phishing and hoaxes Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 24
Spam • Junk e-mail • Avoid spam: – Separate e-mail account – Spam filters – Antispam practices Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 25
Cookies • Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites • Used on return visits to Web sites • Unique ID number • Personal information remembered • Privacy risk Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 26
Malware • Software that has a malicious intent • Spyware is a form of malware • Other forms are viruses, worms, and Trojan horses • Designed to render a computer useless or to penetrate it completely Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 27
Adware and Pop-Ups • Adware – Programs that download on your PC when you install/use other software – Enable sponsored ads to appear in your browser window or as pop-ups • Pop-ups can be eliminated by pop-up blockers. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 28
Spyware • Added as a program piggybacked with a requested program • Gathers information, usually about surfing habits • Antivirus software doesn’t detect it • Spyware removal programs are required Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 29
Phishing and Hoaxes • Phishing – Phony communication that attempts to scam someone into revealing personal information – Often looks very official • Hoaxes – Contain information that is untrue – May request that people send money Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 30
Navigating the Web: Web Browsers • • Computer software Graphical Enables Web navigation Popular browsers: – Internet Explorer – Mozilla’s Firefox – Apple’s Safari – Opera – Camino (Mac OS X) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 31
Browser Features • Quick tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs • Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in same browser window Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 32
Getting Around the Web • • Web sites URLs Hyperlinks Favorites and bookmarks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 33
Web Sites • Web site: – Collection of related Web pages – First page known as home or index page • Web page: – HTML document • Text and graphics – Unique address – Hyperlinks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 34
URLs • URL: – Uniform Resource Locator – Unique Web site address URL Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 35
Current Unsponsored TLDs Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 36
Current Sponsored TLDs Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 37
Hyperlinks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 38
Favorites and Bookmarks • List of favorite Web pages • Easy method of returning to Web pages • IE and Safari = Favorites • Firefox = Bookmarks Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 39
Search Engines • User keys word or phrase in search box • “Spider” or “Web crawler” program scans Web pages • Results are indexed and sent to the client Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 40
Subject Directories • Web pages organized by topics and subtopics • Do not use keywords to search • Narrow search by clicking on subfolders Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 41
Boolean Operators • Boolean operators: Used to refine searches Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 42
Evaluating Web Sites • Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor? • Is the site biased? • Is the information current? • Toward what audience is the site geared? • Are links available? http: //lib. nmsu. edu/instruction/evalcrit. html Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 43
Internet Basics • Clients and servers • Connecting to the Internet • Finding an Internet service provider Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 44
Clients and Servers • The Internet is a client/server network. • Client computer: – Users connected to the Internet – Requests data and Web pages • Server computer: – Stores Web pages and data – Returns the requested data to the client • IP addresses Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 45
Connecting to the Internet • Dial-up connections • Broadband connections – Cable – Satellite – DSL Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 46
Broadband Connections • Cable – Uses coaxial cable and a cable modem – Fast connection speed – Speed depends on number of users – Not available in all areas Coaxial cable Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 47
Broadband Connections • Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) – Uses telephone lines – Faster than dial-up – Doesn’t tie up phone line – Requires special DSL modem Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 48
Broadband Connections • Fiber-Optic Service (Fi. OS) – Sends light through fiber optics – Fast – Expensive – Available only in certain areas Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 49
Wireless • Increases mobility and productivity • Requires Wi. Fi (wireless fidelity) hotspot • Requires either internal or external wireless access card for device • Aircards provide wireless access through cellphones when Wi. Fi hotspot is not available Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 50
Dial-Up Connections • Use standard telephone line • Require a modem to convert analog and digital signals • Slowest connection speed (56 K) Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 51
Comparing Internet Connection Options Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 52
Internet Service Providers • Provide user access to the Internet • National, regional, or local companies • Broadband connection: broadband provider is your ISP • Dial-up connection: need to determine ISPs available in your area Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 53
Future of the Internet • Large Scale Networking (LSN) – Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies • Internet 2 – Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies – Internet 2 backbone supports transmission speeds of 9. 6 Gbps Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 54
Future of the Internet • Web 2. 0 – Social networking sites – Wikis – Podcasts – User content databases Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 55
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is the origin of the Internet? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 56
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How can I communicate through the Internet? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 57
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What are the various kinds of multimedia files found on the Web, and what software do I need to use them? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 58
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is e-commerce, and what e-commerce safeguards protect me when I’m online? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 59
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I manage online annoyances? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 60
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is a Web browser? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 61
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What is a URL, and what are its parts? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 62
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 63
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I search the Internet using search engines and subject directories? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 64
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I evaluate a Web site? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 65
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How does data travel on the Internet? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 66
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What are my options for connecting to the Internet? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 67
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • How do I choose an Internet service provider? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 68
Chapter 3 Summary Questions • What will the Internet of the future look like? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 69
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 3 70
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