Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of
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Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals -Bonn Convention(Bonn, 1979)
Rationale of CMS Migratory species are: • Common biological resources (shared by all Ranges States) • Vulnerable (subject to different threats in different States) • All Range States have an individual and common responsibility to conserve and sustainably use especially for future generations • Conservation requires coordinated measures through cooperation across the migratory range
Migratory Birds including • Waterbirds • Seabirds • Grassland birds • Raptors
Terrestrial Mammals including • Gazelles • Elephants • Bats
Marine Mammals including • Seals • Dolphins / Porpoises • some large Whales
Marine Turtles
Fish (Sharks, Sturgeon, Giant Catfish etc. )
Insects (Butterflies)
Reducing the Threats to Migratory Species Globally Barriers to migration By-catch mitigation ü Dams ü Cetaceans ü Power lines ü Marine turtles ü Fences ü Albatross and Petrels ü Wind farms Habitat loss Threatening processes ü Conservation ü Desertification ü Restoration ü Climate change
Beyond Aesthetics: Linkages between Migratory Species, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development Migratory species: • Contribute to ecosystem: üStructure and function (e. g. , biomass, perturbance, pollination/seed dispersal) üProvisioning services (e. g. , food sources) üRegulating services (e. g. , predation, pollination) üCultural services (e. g. , spiritual, recreational, educational, symbolic) • Multi-scale contributions • Socio-economic benefits –> sustainable livelihoods
Biodiversity-related Conventions
Operational tools of CMS: ü Concerted actions, strict protection for endangered species ü Co-operative Agreements to restore favourable conservation status ü Co-operative research and conservation (projects)
APPENDIX I Endangered species • Strict domestic protection measures • Conservation / and restoration of critical habitat • Removal or mitigation of obstacles to migration
APPENDIX II Instruments for species conservation: • Agreements / Action Plans (legally-binding) • Memoranda of Understanding / Action Plans • Action Plans (stand-alone)
III. Selected CMS-sponsored Projects Lesser whitefronted goose Slender-billed curlew Siberian crane (as of 1 Feb. 2003) White-headed duck Grassland birds Ferruginous duck Flamingo Antelopes Huelmul deer La Plata dolphin Green turtle West African cetaceans Marine turtle by-catch Marine otter; Humboldt penguin SE Asian cetaceans Indo-Pacific turtle genetics Ruddy-headed goose
GEF Project: Asian Wetlands for Siberian Cranes and other Waterbirds • Participating countries: Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Iran, China • Initial GEF funding: $350, 000 • Full project: 5 years, $10. 5 million ($12 million co-financing) • Partners: CMS - ICF - UNEP
AEWA: Wetlands for African-Eurasian Waterbirds • 12 demonstration sites • $12 million dollars (GEF) • Co-financing: Germany and Netherlands • Partners: AEWA and Ramsar
Major CMS COP 7 Outcomes • 41 new species added: App. I (21) and App. II (20) • Minimising threats: EIA, by-catch, oil pollution, electrocution risks and wind turbines • CBD/CMS Joint Work Programme adopted • Institutional Mo. Us with UNESCO and CITES signed • New Agreements sought for small cetaceans and sirenians • Support for America Pacific Flyway Program • Sustainable use guidelines for Leatherback turtle
CMS Western Hemisphere Facts at a Glance • Membership Ø Latin America: 8 Parties Ø Caribbean: 3 Parties Ø [North America: 1 Mo. U signatory (IOSEA)] • 10 projects: past, present and future (since 1999) Ø US$180, 275 ü Marine and terrestrial mammals (e. g. , surveys/conservation actions) ü Terrestrial and sea birds (e. g. , fishing impacts) ü Marine turtles (e. g. , by-catch)
CMS Western Hemisphere Facts at a Glance • Latin American Regional Workshop (2001) • Future possible Agreements Ø Ø Ø Andean flamingo Ruddy-headed goose America Pacific flyway (water birds) (? ) Raptors (? ) Small cetaceans (? ) Bats (? ) • Co-operative relationships Ø Ø Inter-American Turtles Convention Cartagena Convention
CMS Strengths / Innovative features • Species and habitat-based approach / focus • Continual evolution, adaptation through Agreements • Pragmatic stance vis-à-vis non-Parties • Stable atmosphere for debate • Solid support from key countries • Strong NGO partnerships
E-mail: secretariat@cms. int Web: www. cms. int For more information: CMS publications / contacts
Photo credits: BIOS Photo Agency, Lincoln P. Brower, Jacques Fretey, F. Graner, F. R. Greenaway, Christine Hemer, Douglas Hykle, International Crane Foundation, Paul Vescci
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