Control Valves Section E 1 For discharge of

Control Valves

Section E 1 • For discharge of liquid or gas from vessels. For Back Pressure or Pressure Reducing applications with pressure pilots. • Section “E 1” High Pressure Control Valves range in pressure from 285 psi up to 6000 psi (working pressure). High Pressure Control Valve High Pressure Metering Valve Non Freeze Dump Valve

Section E 1 • What types of products can be found in Section E 1 ü 1” & 2” HPCV [E 1: 10. 1 -10. 4] ü 2”, 3”, 4”, 6”, 8”, and 10”[E 1: 15. 1 -15. 6] ü 1” & 2” 65 Topworks[E 1: 20. 1 -20. 2] ü 2” Manual Valve Positioner [E 1: 30. 1 -30. 2] ü 1” & 2” Metering Valve [E 1: 50. 1 -50. 3] ü 1” & 2” PB Metering Valve [E 1: 55. 1 -55. 3] ü 1” Non-Freeze Dump Valve [E 1: 60. 1 -60. 2] ü 1” 65 TW Non-Freeze Dump Valve [E 1: 60. 1 -60. 3]

Section E 1 Metering Valve • Used to meter or control flow of liquids and/or gases • Used on meter runs, flow lines, or may be used as a choke in low pressure drop conditions where freezing is not an issue

Section E 1 Stem Guided 2”

Section E 1 Stem Guided 2”

Section E 1 Piston Balanced 2”

Section E 1 Piston Balanced 3”

Section E 1 Piston Balanced 3”

Section E 2 • Low pressure valves are diaphragm operated valves designed to control flow in liquid or gas systems up to 500 psig. • Section “E 2” Low Pressure Control Valves are used to control gas, oil, and liquid control pressures. Single Acting Control Valve Double Acting Control Valve Spring Loaded Back Pressure

Section E 2 • What types of products can be found in Section E 2 ü Single Acting [E 1: 10. 1 -10. 4] ü Double Acting [E 1: 15. 1 -15. 6] ü Single Acting with Reduced Inner Valve [E 1: 20. 1 -20. 2] ü Double Acting with Reduced Inner Valve [E 1: 30. 1 -30. 2] ü Adjustable Double Acting [E 1: 50. 1 -50. 3] ü Adjustable Double Acting with Reduced Inner Valve [E 1: 55. 1 -55. 3] ü Spring Loaded Back Pressure [E 1: 60. 1 -60. 2] ü 1” 65 TW Non-Freeze Dump Valve [E 1: 60. 1 -60. 3]

Section E 2 Burner Valve • Controls the flow of gas to the flame tube to maintain a constant temperature in the vessel • Available in 1” to 6” • Pressure rated up to 300 psi

Section E 2 Burner Valve

Section E 2 Spring Operated BP Regulator • Controls gas pressure along with oil level in the vessel • Available in 1” to 6” • Pressure rated up to 300 psi

Section E 3 • • Balanced control valves are designed to control flow in liquid or gas systems up to 400 psig. (500 psig in piston balanced 2” threaded versions) Section “E 3” balanced control valves are available in both diaphragm balanced and piston balanced. Diaphragm Balanced Control Valve Piston Balanced Throttling Control Valve

Section E 3 • What types of products can be found in Section E 3

Section E 4 • Three-Way Valves are used to divert flow, bypass part or all fluid, or mix fluids by combining streams. • Section “E 4” series valves are available for both low pressure and high pressure applications. Diaphragm Balanced 3 -Way Control Valve 1” High Pressure 3 Way Control Valve Piston Balanced Throttling Balanced Control Valve

Section E 4 • What types of products can be found in Section E 4 üDiaphragm Balanced [E 4: 10. 1 -10. 2] üPiston Balanced [E 4: 10. 1 -10. 5] üSplitter Valve[E 4: 20. 1 -20. 2] üMotor Valve [E 4: 30. 1 -30. 2] inlet to production to test

Valve Sizing Considerations • Control Valves – Trim characteristics • Definitions of Terms • Flow Conditions – Critical Flow – Flashing – Cavitation • Noise • Assumptions

Control Valve Why do we need the right sized control valves? • Processes do not run at a steady state. • Things change and the control valve must manage these changes. • To manage changes efficiently and effectively the control valves must be sized correctly.

Control Valve What can happen when a control valve is not sized correctly? • • • Can’t pass the required flow (undersized) Can’t control, control parameter varies (oversized) Damage to the process (cavitation, flashing, noise, erosion, etc) Downtime Increased equipment costs

Control Valve Trim Characteristic • The inherent relationship between the flow rate and the valve stem travel between 0% to 100% • Quick Opening (Snap) • Linear (Nominal) • Equal Percentage (EP)

Control Valve

Control Valve Trim Quick Opening (SNAP) • Used for liquid dumps, erosive service, meter applications, on/off applications • Most relief valves have quick opening trim • Erosion applications use carbide or zirconia seats

Control Valve Trim Linear (Nominal) • Used for throttling liquids • Liquid level control • Reduces water hammer

Control Valve Trim Equal Percentage (=%) • Equal change in flow per increment in stem travel • Used for throttling gases/vapors • Used to control pressure or flow • Erosion applications use Tapered Plug if available

Diaphragm, Seat, and O-Ring Materials Material Code Application Nitrile (none) General purpose, petroleum fluids, ethylene glycol, water, small amounts of methanol -30° to +200° F 1 O-Rings, Seats, Diaphragms Polyacrylate H Heat resistance, oils, natural gas 0° to +300° F . 5 O-Rings, Seats, Diaphragms Ethylene Propylene EP Steam, water, alcohols -65° to +300° F 1. 5 O-Rings, Seats, Diaphragms HSN Petroleum fluids, H 2 S, CO 2 -20° to +300° F 2 O-Rings, Seats, Diaphragms Polyurethane P Petroleum fluids, CO 2, abrasion, toughness -40° to +200° F 5 Seats, 106 P Diaphragm Viton® V Heat, acids, propane gasoline, no methanol, not for hot water or steam, not for wet CO 2 -15° to +350° F . 75 O-Ring, Seats, Diaphragms GEP Steam, water, petroleum fluids 0° to +500° F 1. 5 Seats HPMV PB Aflas® AF High heat, steam, amine, acids, bases, petroleum fluids, no methanol 25° to +450° F 3 O-Rings, Seats Gylon® 3521 GY High heat, high chemical resistance, highly resistant to gas permeation -350° to +500° F 4 Seats, Diaphragms Low Temp Nitrile LTN Petroleum, low temperature -65° to +225° F 1 O-Rings, Diaphragms Multi-Nylon MN Petroleum, abrasion, water, steam 100° to +250° F 5 Seats Highly Saturated Nitrile Geothermal EPDM Temperature Wear Resistance Available Forms

Elastomers – High Pressure Control Valve • Stem Guided O-Ring Diaphragm Packing O-Ring

Elastomers – High Pressure Control Valve • Cage Guided O-Ring Diaphragm Packing O-Ring

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Valve will not close in high differential conditions. Cause: Piston not balanced due to plugged communicating holes.

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Valve will not open completely. Possible Cause: Sand packed off on top of piston in the cage

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Valve will not open seal off completely. Possible Cause: • O-ring damaged or missing. • Seat and or stem damaged. • Body washed out.

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Valve will not close completely Possible Cause: • Obstruction not allowing piston/stem to physically travel to a closed position.

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Valve will not close completely Possible Cause: • Spring broken

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Valve will not open completely Possible Cause: • Cavitation cause a pressure differential between the top and body of the piston. The lower pressure beneath the piston pulls the valve closed.

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Vent plug continuously bleeding gas. Possible Cause: • Diaphragm damaged. • Diaphragm nut loose

Troubleshooting • High Pressure Control Valve Symptom: Any part or parts of the valve fail shortly after being in service, or failures occur repeatedly then elastomers and/or materials may need to adjusted. Possible Cause: • Corrosive fluid • Erosive service

Thank You