CONT CHAPTER 22 EXILE IN DAPITAN RIZAL AS

� CONT… CHAPTER 22: EXILE IN DAPITAN

RIZAL AS TEACHER

Specimens �Draco Rizali – a flying dragon �Apogania Rizali – a small beetle �Rhachophrus Rizali – a rare frog �Spatholmes Rizali – Fungus Beetle

RIZAL'S ART WORK IN DAPITAN

CARVING OF JOSEPHINE BRACKEN

FISHES CAUGHT IN DAPITAN

RIZAL AS FARMER � 16 hectares of land in Talisay �where he built his home, school, and hospital, and planted cacao, coffee, sugarcane, coconuts and fruit trees. �his total holdings reached 70 hectares, : �modern methods of agriculture which he had observed in Europe and America. �imported agricultural machinery from the U. S. �to establish a new Calamba in Dapitan

RIZAL AS BUSINESSMAN �most profitable business of Rizal was: �in hemp industry �To break the Chinese monopoly on business in Dapitan, Rizal organized the: � Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers �prime commodities at moderate prices.

Rizal’s Inventions �He invented a cigarette lighter, which he called sulpakan, and sent it to Blumentritt in 1887 as a gift. The lighter used a compressed air mechanism. �While in Dapitan, Rizal also invented a wooden machine for making bricks which turned out about 6, 000 bricks daily.

Mr. Taufer & Josephine

RIZAL & BRACKEN �Fr. Obach on their marriage �Mr. Taufer �Unable to endure thought of losing Josephine, he tried to commit suicide by cutting of his throat with a razor �Went away uncured �Rizal and Josephine held hands together �and married themselves before the eyes of God. �Jose played a prank on her: �frightening her �prematurely gave birth to an 8 th month baby boy, who only lived for three hours

RIZAL AND THE KATIPUNAN �Dr. Pio Valenzuela was named emissary to Dapitan �Rizal objected to Bonifacio’s audacious project to plunge the country in bloody revolution �disapproved of the other plan of the Katipunan to rescue him �he had given his word of honor to the Spanish authorities

VOLUNTEERS AS MILITARY DOCTOR IN CUBA �shortage of physicians to minister to the needs of the Spanish troops �It was Blumentritt who told him of the deplorable health situation in warridden Cuba �Rizal wrote to Gov. -Gen. Ramon Blanco, Despujol’s successor, offering his services �Blanco notified him of the acceptance of his offer

� CHAPTER 23: LAST TRIP ABROAD (1896)

RIZAL MISSES SHIP GOING TO SPAIN �Rizal was transferred to another cruiser by the order of Ramon Blanco (1 month) �He was treated not a prisoner, but a guest detained on board

CRY OF BALINTAWAK (PUGADLAWIN) �Beginning of Revolution �tearing of community tax certificates �to mark their separation from Spain.

OUTBREAK OF THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION � discovered by Fray Mariano Gil �aggravated by the Cry of Balintawak �attacked San Juan, but they were repulsed with heavy losses � After the Battle of San Juan, Governor General Blanco proclaimed a state of war in the first eight provinces for rising in arms against Spain

DEPARTURE FOR SPAIN �Rizal received from Governor General Blanco 2 letters of introduction for the Minister of War and the Minister of Colonies, with a covering letter which: �absolved him from all blame for the raging revolution

RIZAL IN SINGAPORE �Don Pedro/ Don Manuel Camus �advised Rizal to stay and take advantage of the protection of the British Law �had given his word of honor to Governor General Blanco

VICTIM OF SPANISH DUPLICITY �Blanco and the Ministers of War and the Colonies were : �exchanging coded telegrams (secret conspiracy) and confidential messages for his arrest upon reaching Barcelona

ARRIVAL IN BARCELONA AS PRISONER (8 DAYS) �Rizal was escorted to the grim and infamous prison-fortress named Monjuich �Jose’s interview with Despujol �he would be shipped back to Manila

� CHAPTER 24: LAST HOMECOMING AND TRIAL

Confiscation of Diary �Their suspicion was aroused, for they feared that the diarist might be writing something: seditious or treasonable

Writ of habeas corpus �a writ (legal action) which requires a person under arrest to be brought before : �a judge or into court �a prisoner can be released from unlawful detention �detention lacking sufficient cause or evidence

Unsucessful rescue in Singapore �Atty. Fort instituted proceedings at the Singapore Court: � for the removal of Rizal from the steamer �Chief Justice Loinel Cox denied the writ on the ground: �warship of a foreign power, which under international law was beyond the jurisdiction of the Singapore authorities

ARRIVAL IN MANILA �authorities fished for evidence against Rizal �brutally tortured to implicate Rizal �Paciano

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION � 2 kinds of evidence were presented against Rizal, namely: �documentary �testimonial

RIZAL CHOOSES HIS DEFENDER �only right given to Rizal by the Spanish authorities �Don Luis Taviel de Andrade �name was familiar �brother of Luis Taviel de Andrade, Rizal’s bodyguard in Calamba

READING OF INFORMATION TO THE ACCUSED �Jose was accused of : �being the principal organizer and the living soul of the Filipino rebellion �Rizal: pleaded: �not guilty to the crime of rebellion.

RIZAL'S MANIFESTO �appealing to them to: �stop the necessary shedding of blood �to achieve their liberties by means of education �Rizal’s manifesto was: �not issued to the people �saved from the shame of his manifesto’s being misinterpreted

TRIAL OF RIZAL �considered guilty before the actual trial �not given the right to face the witnesses against him in open court

RIZAL PROVED HIS INNOCENCE BY: �he advised Dr. Pio Valenzuela in Dapitan: not to rise in revolution �If he were guilty he could have: escaped Singapore �His life in Dapitan had been: �exemplary

SIGNING OF RIZAL'S EXECUTION �Polavieja: �approved the decision of the courtmartial �ordered Rizal to be shot at 7 am of December 30 at Bagumbayan Field.

� CHAPTER 25: MARTYRDOM IN BAGUMBAYAN

LAST HOURS OF RIZAL �gave to Trinidad: �the alcohol cooking stove �“Mi Ultimo Adios” � 10 PM 29 December 1896 �wrote his retraction, in which he abjured Masonry and his religious ideas which were anticatholic

MARTYRDOM OF A HERO �requested the commander of the firing squad, that: �he be shot facing the firing squad �His request was denied �A Spanish military physician asked: his permission to feel his pulse � 7: 03 in the morning: �when he died in the bloom of manhood – aged 35 y. o.

AFTERMATH OF A MARTYR'S DEATH �Spanish spectators shouted “Viva Espana!” “Muerte a los Traidores” �(Long live Spain! Death to the Traitors!) �pen is mightier than the sword