Construct an explanation of how DMD cells differ

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Construct an explanation of how DMD cells differ from healthy muscle cells due to

Construct an explanation of how DMD cells differ from healthy muscle cells due to a mutation of the gene for dystrophin. ADVANCED (4) MASTERY (3) BASIC (2) APPROACHING BASIC (1) • Pathway of constructing the protein dystrophin (DNA to RNA to protein) in healthy cells compared to DMD cells • Types of mutation resulting in dystrophin • Description of dystrophin’s structure and function in muscle cells • Muscle cell structures in healthy cells compared to DMD cells (include actin, myosin, dystrophin, cell membrane, calcium, creatine kinase) • Position of dystrophin in healthy cells compared to DMD • Proper vocabulary, verb tenses, and grammar • Consequences to muscle cells due to dystrophin absence • Pathway of constructing the protein dystrophin (DNA to RNA to protein) in healthy cells compared to DMD • Type of mutation resulting in dystrophin malformation • Muscle cell structures in healthy cells compared to DMD (include actin, myosin, cell membrane, dystrophin) • Position of dystrophin in healthy cells compared to DMD • Mentions the effects of dystrophin on cell membrane, but lacks detail of consequences (mentions influx of calcium, but lacks details about creatine kinase) • Proper vocabulary, verb tenses, and grammar • Explanation includes how DNA leads to protein (dystrophin), but details of process may be incorrect or absent • Mutation of DMD muscle lacks explanation of dystrophin mutation • Few or none of the structural proteins are detailed (only dystrophin, cell membrane, and/or actin and myosin) • Explanation fails to coherently detail stages of process • Consequences of how dystrophin affects muscle cells lacks necessary detail • Incomplete explanation with limited detail • Limited detail may include • Single difference between healthy and DMD muscle cells • Dystrophin is mentioned but explanation lacks detail of function, structure, and placement • Explanation mentions that DNA makes proteins, but stages of protein synthesis are absent • Explanatio includes mostly details of DMD symptoms, gender, age, etc. • Explanation fails to coherently detail stages of process • Improper spelling/grammar rampant