CONNECTIVE TISSUE DEFINITION COMPONENTS GROUND SUBSTANCE TYPES OF

CONNECTIVE TISSUE • • DEFINITION COMPONENTS GROUND SUBSTANCE TYPES OF FIBRES TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS FUNCTIONS DISEASES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

DEFINITION • A TISSUE THAT FILLS THE INTERSTICES BETWEEN MORE SPECIALISED TISSUES AND ORGANS AND HOLDS THEM TOGETHER AND SUPPORTS THEM.

Adipose tissue

COMPONENTS • 1. GROUND SUBSTANCE/INTERCELLULAR SUBSTANCE • 2. FIBRES • 3. CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

GROUND SUBSTANCE • THESE ARE GLYCOSEAMINOGLYCANS OR PROTEOGLYCAN • THEY ARE PROTEIN + GLUCOSE COMPLEX • Eg: CHONDROITIN SULPHATE IN CARTILAGE HEPARAN SULPHATE IN LUNGS DERMATAN SULPHATE IN SKIN. FACILITATES ADHESION BETWEEN TISSUE ELEMENTS.

FIBRES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE • COLLAGEN FIBRES • RETICULAR FIBRES • ELASTIC FIBRES • THESE PROVIDE STUCTURAL STABILITY.

Collagen & Elastic fibres

CELLS OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE • A) INTRINSIC COMPONENT CELLS: • Include fibroblasts, pigment cells, mast cells, adipose cells and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. • B)Cells related to immune system: • Include macrophage cells or histiocytes, mast cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, monocytes and eosinophils.

Cells of loose connective tissue

FUNCTIONS • 1. Holds together structures like skin, muscles, blood vessels etc. • 2. Loose areolar tissues in organs and skin facilitates stretching. • 3. Deep fascia provides cover to muscles and maintains shape. • 4. In form of ligaments it holds the bone ends together at joints.

• 5. Aponeurosis provide insertion to muscles. • 6. Tendons transmit the pull of muscles to their insertion. • 7. Adipose tissue is a store house of nutrition and is a insulator. • 8. Cells of immune system provide immunity. • 9. Fibroblasts produce collagen and help in wound repair.

Applied aspect • 1. Osteogenesis imperfecta: Abnormal collagen leads tobones that are weak and break easily. 2. Ehlers Danlos Syndrome: Abnormal collagen with lax joints. 3. Marfans syndrome: abnormal elastic fibres, leads to lens dislocation, tall stature and weak blood vessels like aorta.