Connecting Ideas by means of coordination Coordination 1

Connecting Ideas by means of coordination.

หลกการใช Coordination. 1. And �� – Harry had an accident last week , and he has not come to school for 2 weeks. �� 2. Or �� • You will do these homework , or you will be punished

Parallelism

1. การใชคำๆเดยว (Single word) เชน - My father was as officer, a gentleman and a magician. (การใช คำนาม เหมอนๆกน ) - He studied, thought and experimented. (ใช กรยารปอดต เหมอนๆกน ) - The young actor was tall, dark and handsome. (ใช คำคณศพท [Adjectives]เหมอนๆกน ) - Late for the dance, Ruth dressed hastily and carelessly. (ใช Adverbs เหมอนๆกน ) - They waited for hours at the airport, reading and sleeping. (ใช Present Participles เหมอนกน )

2. โดยการใชรปวล (Phrases) �� - She has traveled by land, by sea and by air. (ใช Prepositional phrases เหมอนๆกน ) - To support his family and to put himself through college, he worked seven hours a day. (ใช To infinitive phrases เหมอนๆกน ) - Fifty passes his time doing crossword puzzles and building model airplanes. [ใช Participle phrases เหมอนๆกน ] - Buying a car and beginning a job were the next steps in her life. [ใช Gerund phrasesเหมอนๆกน ]

3. โดยการใชอนประโยค (Clauses) เชน - A father who spends time with his son and who spends time with his son thoughtfully answers his son's questions will be respected and loved. (ใช Adjective clause เหมอนกน )

Coordination Additive Relationship Alternative Relationship Contrastive Relationship Causal Relationship

Additive Relationship …and… Both. . . and Not only. . . but also and )�� , �� ) �� Example: Sarah had an accident last week. She has not come to school for 2 weeks. Sarah had an accident last week, and she has not come to school for 2 weeks.

Alternative Relationship or (�� , �� ) , either…or… (�� , ��. . � �� Examples: -Do you want to eat noodle or spaghetti? �� -You should keep yourself warm or you will get sick. �� -You must come either on Monday or Tuesday. �� -Either camping in the park or surfing in the sea is his favorite Activity ��

Contrastive Relationship ‘but' (showing contrast = �� ) �� Satit was very angry with Ratree. He listened to her patiently. - Satit was very angry with Ratree, but he listened to her patiently.

‘yet' (showing contrast = �� ) �� but �� Krissana studied hard in summer. He failed the exam. - Krissana studied hard in summer, yet he failed the exam. -Frank was discouraged, yet he did not give up. ( �� ) -We have reduced our price, yet sales are still down. ( ��

This hospital lacks nurses, yet it provides excellent service to its patients. ( �� ( My mother is always very busy with her work, yet she takes great care of me. ( �� ( I was so exhausted last night, yet I tried to finish writing up my new project proposal. ( ��

Sentence Adverbs however �� instead �� nevertheless �� , �� on the contrary �� on the other hand �� conversely �� ใชเชอมประโยคทมความหมายขดแยงกนเหมอน yet but , �� There was no news from her son. She went on hoping. - There was no news from her son, but she went on hoping. ( co-ordinate conjunction ) - There was no news from her son ; however, she went on hoping. ( conjunctive adverb )

Causal Relationship ‘for' (giving a cause = because �� ) �� for �� Tony is rich, for he saves a lot. ( �� ( I stopped working on the report, for I was tired.

We must do something about Cathy, for she seems very unhappy. ( �� ( The matter creates some difficulty, for present-day scholars are not in accord with it. ( �� ( I'm afraid you can't speak to Mr. Griffiths now, for he's in a meeting. ( ��

Sentence Adverbs Then �� Therefore �� As a result �� Hence �� Consequently �� , �� accordingly �� , �� thus �� , �� ใชเชอมประโยคทเปนเหตเปนผลกน เหมอน so �� It is difficult to get meat in a village I live. I become a vegetarian. - It is difficult to get meat in a village I live, so I become a vegetarian. ( co-ordinate conjunction ) - It is difficult to get meat in a village I live; therefore , I become a vegetarian. ( conjunctive adverb )

Punctuations ��

Period/Full stop (. ) ใชในคำยอ หรอ ใสในหลงสดของประโยค เชน - He like to playing football. - Jane used to scream when she saw a man who with beard. - a. m. = Ante-Meridiem - P. C. = Personal Computer - dir. = directory

Comma (, ) ใชในการเนนคำ - Many, many people have visited Doi Suthep. ใชในการแบงสวนขยาย - As stated previously, I cannot do it for you.

Comma (, ) �� - Red, White, and Blue are the colors of Thai flag. ใชในการแบง Direct Speech - “I can come today, ” she said, “but not tomorrow. ” ใชเปนสวนขยาย - Momo, a student at MJU, study English.

Semi-colon (; ) มวธการใชคอ ใชในการแจกแจงกรณทม comma �� - The 3 biggest cities in Canada are Yoronto, Ontario; Montario, Quebec; and Vancouver, B. C. �� 2 Clause �� - I’m tired; I’m fall as sleep.

Dash(—) �� เชน -The children — A, B, and C – went to the store Apostrophe (’) �� -This is John's car.

underline ตองการเนน -Have you read War and Peace? Parentheses or brackets () มอธบายเพมเตม - Before arriving at the station, the old train (someone said it was a relic of frontier days) caught fire.