Conjunctive Adverbs What are Conjunctive Adverbs Conjunctive Adverbs

Conjunctive Adverbs

What are Conjunctive Adverbs? Conjunctive Adverbs: Explain the relationship between two ideas. Sometimes they explain better than "and, " "but, " or "or. ” They can start a sentence. • John refused to apply for the job. Subsequently, he regretted his decision. ("Subsequently" shows a time relationship. They can join two sentences into a longer sentence • He went to the store; however, he did not buy anything. ("however" shows that something unexpected happened)

How to Use Conjunctive Adverbs If the conjunctive adverb comes at the beginning of a sentence, follow it with a comma. • John was tired after a long day at school. Therefore, he immediately took a nap when he got home. If you are joining two sentences, a semicolon (; ) comes before the conjunctive adverb and a comma comes after it. • The school doesn’t allow pets; otherwise, I would have brought my puppy with me.

Some Examples of Conjunctive Adverbs Result: therefore, consequently, hence, accordingly Concession (even though this is true, this other thing is true too): nevertheless, still Addition: furthermore, also, similarly, besides Time: then, this time, finally Contrast: however, instead, otherwise Summary: thus

Examples of Joining Sentences Begin with two sentences that are related • My mother works as an accountant and a real estate agent. • She sometimes does some interior decorating. Join them using a conjunctive adverb • My mother works as an accountant and a real estate agent; furthermore, she sometimes does some interior decorating.

Another Example Begin with two sentences that are related • My dad does not go to sports events or concerts. • He watches them on television. Join them using a conjunctive adverb • My dad does not go to sports events or concerts; instead, he watches them on television.

Your Turn Here are two sentences that contrast. • Deshawn thought Maria was hot. • He was too scared to ask her out Join them with a conjunctive adverb that shows contrast. (Don't forget your semicolon and comma. )

Your Turn Here are two sentences that are related by time. • I plan to eat pizza for dinner. • I intend to play Black Ops for the remainder of the evening. Leave the first sentence alone. Begin your second sentence with a conjunctive adverb.

Your Turn Here are two sentences where one action results in another. • Jorge forgot to do his homework. • He won’t get to go on the field trip this week. Choose how to use your conjunctive adverb. Either join the sentences or begin your second sentence with a conjunctive adverb.

Problem Sentences Sometimes we use "and" but we really need to show a relationship in time. Incorrect: Tom went to soccer practice when school ended and completed his homework. Correct: Tom went to soccer practice when school ended; after that, he completed his homework. Why is the second version correct?

Some More Problem Sentences Incorrect: Foreman’s basketball team is undefeated, but they still have to practice every day. Correct: Foreman’s basketball team is undefeated; nevertheless, they still have to practice every day. Why is the second version correct? How are the meanings of "but" and "nevertheless" different?

Review The are used to connect two independent clauses (complete sentences) or to elaborate. To correctly punctuate remember that a semicolon (; ) goes before the conjunctive adverb and a comma (, ) goes after when joining 2 sentences. When elaborating and starting a new sentence a period(. ) follows the first sentence and a comma (, ) follows the conjunctive adverb that starts the second sentence.