Confucius Confucius z Born in 551 B C
Confucius
Confucius z. Born in 551 B. C. zdied in 479 B. C.
Confucianism z. Concerned primarily with restoring social stability and order y. What is the basis of a stable, unified, and enduring social order? za system of social and ethical philosophy y“only when character is cultivated are our families regulated; only when families are regulated are states well governed. ”
Confucianism zli yrituals, norms, institutions, or mores ythe outer, conforming aspect of Confucianism zren yhumaneness, love, kindness, benevolence, or virtue ythe inner, reforming aspect of Confucianism
Li z. Rites, ceremonies, proper behavior, and good manner zperformed in good faith, with everyone keeping to his or her proper role zuniversal harmony zno need for physical sanctions, laws, or punishment
Ren z. Relationship between "two persons” zextension of filial piety to all human beings zeach role in the hierarchy of social relations had clearly defined duties yreciprocity or mutual responsibility
Five relationships zfather-child zruler-subject zhusband-wife zelder brother-younger brother zfriend-friend
Confucianism z. Persecuted in Qin Dynasty y 221 B. C. - 206 B. C. zpromoted by later rulers
Confucianism zreinforced by the civil examination system y“keju”: civil examination yfrom 605 to 1905
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