Confucianism Dominant philosophy in China Confucianism n n

Confucianism Dominant philosophy in China

Confucianism n n n Founder: Confucius Philosophy based on human relationships & man is good. Analects book of teachings

Basic Principle/Beliefs n Five human relationships n Each person has a specific role in society & duties to fulfill. If you know what is expected, you will behave correctly.

Five Human Relationships Ruler Husband Father Older Brother Subject Wife Son Younger Brother Friend

All involve the authority of one person over another n Superiors n n Inferiors n n Males, elders, higher status/wealth (boss) Females, youth, lower status Friends are the only equal relationship

Effects on culture: n n n Han dynasty was based on Confucianism Everyone is required to show respect, loyalty and obedience to superiors Each superior owes a responsibility to the inferior. n Be good role models, work hard, become educated and provide care

Role of the Family Filial Piety – showing respect/duty to parents. (the most important virtue) n n n Family educates a child to be a good member of society. Virtues: loyalty, righteousness, humanity, and proper conduct were stressed.

Role of the Government (State) n n The state was an extension of the family. People were to be loyal to the emperor just like an elder in the family.

Ruler had to set a good example 1. Only the wisest men should rule Emperors were well educated n To earn a gov’t position required to pass a civil service exam based on Confucianism. n n Most qualified person got the job.

n n 2. A good example would transform people – make them better. 3. If the emperor was not a good role model, heaven would cause the world to suffer. Natural disasters, invasions, revolts, etc n Confucianism supports the mandate of heaven n