Conflict in the Middle East To what lengths

Conflict in the Middle East

To what lengths was America willing to go to protect its economic and strategic interests abroad? After Fidel Castro of Cuba led a revolution that ousted dictator Fulgencio Batista, fearful that And the CIA helped stage another military coup to overthrow Prime Minister of Iran, Guatemala Castro would allow the Soviet Union to place missile site in Cuba (too close to home) and Mohammed Mossadegh who leaned towards communism. The shah of Iran who replaced afraid of Castro’s move to nationalize American landholdings, Kennedy authorized the CIA to Mossadegh agreed to give Britain and American oil companies 40% of his nation’s oil train anti-Castro exiles for an invasion of Cuba (Bay of Pigs). revenues – he remained in office until 1979 as one of the world’s most tyrannical rulers. Cuba Iran X Jacobo Arbenz X Even before Kennedy, under the Eisenhower administration, in the name of containment, the CIA organized a military coup to overthrow President Jacobo Arbenz Guzman because the U. S. feared Mohammad that spread of communism and Soviet Mosaddegh domination. Bay of Pigs Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. Kennedy

Nixon and Détente Nixon hoped to ease or relax tensions between the U. S. and its two major Communist rivals the Soviet Union and China. Elected 1968

Nixon traveled to Beijing, China sparking an increase in trade between China and the U. S. Too much work for so little food!

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) Nixon met with the leader of the Soviet Union to “talk” about armament control.

To what lengths was America willing to go to protect its economic S. Africa and strategic interests abroad? Nixon also provided money and weapons to dictatorial regimes in Iran, the Philippines, and South Africa. Chile - 1970 X P. W. Botha Salvador Allende 1973 Augusto Pinochet In 1970, Chile elected socialist Salvador Allende. On September 11, 1973, the CIA (an American agency) worked with the group responsible for staging a military coup – installing a bloody dictatorship under General Augusto Pinochet. Richard Nixon

Carter and Human Rights Commitment to helping nongovernmental agencies like Amnesty International expose human rights violations. Elected 1976

Carter brought the leaders of Egypt and Israel to presidential retreat at Camp David (Camp David Accords)

To what lengths was America willing to go to protect its economic IRAN and strategic interests abroad? However, the American 1979 connection with the shah of Iran, whose secret police regularly jailed and tortured In 1978, Carter cut off aid to the brutal military political opponents proved dictatorship governing Argentina (America to be Carter’s undoing. previously had turned a blind-eye to). The U. S. long supported Iran’s monarch, the shah Argentina because Iran was a major Ruhollah oil supplier and a buffer Khomeini against Soviet expansion. The shah had grown increasing unpopular in Iran due to his repressive rule and westernizing reforms – the Islamic clergy opposed the shah’s reforms. 1978 In January 1979, protestors Jorge Rafael forced him to flee. An Islamic republic was then Videla declared. 1979 EX D E IL Mohammad Rezā Shāh Pahlavī X Shah is given refuge in U. S. Jimmy Carter

Revolutionaries stormed the American embassy in Tehran and took 52 Americans hostage (444 days in captivity)