Confined Space Training PermitRequired Confined Spaces Slide 1

Confined Space Training Permit-Required Confined Spaces Slide 1 (of 31)

Confined Space Statistics Leading cause of occupational fatalities in this country The Standard covers 240, 000 workplaces and 12. 2 million workers Workers make 4. 8 million entries/year Standard may prevent 85% of fatalities and nearly 11, 000 injuries Slide 2 (of 31)

Definition of a Confined Space (must meet all three criteria) Limited means for entry or exit (manholes, vaults & pits) Large enough & so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work Not designed for continuous occupancy Two types – Permit & Non-Permit Required Spaces Slide 3 (of 31)

Definition of Permit-Required Confined Spaces A confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: Contains or has potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere Potential for engulfment Internal configuration that can trap or asphyxiate entrant Any other serious safety or health hazards (electrical, hot work, drowning. . Slide. ) 4 (of 31)

What is a Hazardous Atmosphere? An atmosphere that may expose employees to the risk of death, incapacitation, impairment of ability to self-rescue or acute illness resulting from the following: Flammable gas, vapor or mist in excess of 10% of the LFL Combustible dust at a concentration that is > or =LFL Oxygen concentration < 19. 5% or > 23. 5% Any substance with concentration > PEL Any other atmospheric concentration that is IDLH Slide 5 (of 31)

Permit-Required Spaces on Campus Electrical vaults: electrical hazards, low oxygen and/or asbestos Sewer manholes: CO, low oxygen and/or toxic gases Storm drain manholes: CO, low oxygen and/or toxic gases Slide 6 (of 31)

Permit-Required Spaces on Campus (cont) Pool Pit: lack of oxygen, toxic gases and/or drowning Sewer Tanks: toxic gases, low oxygen, drowning and/or electrocution hazards Communication Vaults: low oxygen, asbestos and/or electrical hazards Slide 7 (of 31)

Non-Permit Required Spaces that do not contain or, with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of causing death or serious physical harm: Utility closets Below-grade trenches Storage vaults Utility subbasements Slide 8 (of 31)

Confined Spaces on Campus EH&S, Environmental Services and Risk Management Department will jointly determine which types of spaces or specific spaces are defined as confined spaces. All confined spaces on campus will be considered “Permit Required” until pre-entry procedures determine otherwise. Only the Entry Supervisor is authorized to downgrade entry requirements. Slide 9 (of 31)

Confined Space Entry Procedures Space Evaluation Alternate Entry Procedures Permit-Required Entry Procedures Slide 10 (of 31)

Space Evaluation Refer to Flow Chart Entry Supervisor must evaluate & authorize an entry This will determine if “Alternate Entry” or “Permit. Required” If the space is reclassified as an “Alternate Entry” then the following conditions must exist: only hazard is the potential for a hazardous atmosphere; and potential hazard can be eliminated through continued forced air ventilation; and previous & current gas tests must show above two conditions are true Slide 11 (of 31)

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Alternate Entry Procedures Procedure that may be used to enter a confined space if the only hazard present in the space is atmospheric in nature and: The atmospheric hazard can be controlled by mechanical ventilation alone and; The permit space will not become immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) if the mechanical ventilation should fail. Slide 13 (of 31)

Alternate Entry Procedures (cont) Entry Supervisor ensures space has been properly classified Use guarding/cover/barrier to prevent falls (when removing cover) Lock out/tag out all hazardous energy sources Complete log Test for O 2, flammable gases/vapors and potential toxic air contaminants Set up ventilation (supply air taken from clean source) The Entrant will evacuate the confined space if he/she becomes aware of an unrecognized hazard Slide 14 (of 31)

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Permit Required Entry Procedures Entry Supervisor, Entry Attendant and Entrant must participate Inspect and setup safety equipment Entry Supervisor establishes specific rescue procedures Lock and tag out all hazardous sources of energy Use guarding If removing an entrance cover Sample and record air for hazardous contaminants Entry Supervisor completes Permit prior to entry Slide 17 (of 31)

Permit Required Entry Procedures (cont) Attendant verifies acceptable entry conditions Entrant wears retrieval equipment during entire operation Attendant continuously monitors atmosphere & records readings with the portable gas detector Immediately evacuate space if safety equipment fails or space becomes or has potential to become immediately hazardous Upon completion, Entry Supervisor completes permit and files Slide 18 (of 31)

Potential Confined Space Hazards Engulfment Oxygen deficiency (19. 5% or less) Oxygen enrichment (23. 5% or higher) Flammable gases or vapors Combustible dusts Toxic substances IDLH atmospheres Physical hazards Slide 19 (of 31)

Monitoring Confined Space Air Quality Prior to entering any confined space, prepare the gas detector Conduct a “bump test”. Breathe into the gas detector probe and look for a decrease in oxygen concentration - should alarm Sample air quality by slightly removing lid or through hole in lid before completely opening the space Monitor with probe slowly at different vertical heights Measure in the following order: Oxygen, LEL, H 2 S, CO Record results on the Confined Space Entry Permit Record Sheet Slide 20 (of 31)

Monitoring Confined Space Air Quality (cont. ) The gas detector must be on during the ENTIRE entry operation Will be regularly inspected by the Attendant. Record gas readings at a minimum of one hour intervals Cease entry operations and remove entry personnel if the following concentrations are exceeded at any time: Oxygen reading less than 19. 5% or greater than 22. 5% Combustible gas reading greater than 9% LEL H 2 S reading greater than 9 ppm CO reading greater than 34 ppm Slide 21 (of 31)

Ventilating a Confined Space Set up one or more blowers to provide adequate ventilation for the space. Ventilation must be forced draft discharge of clean air into space (not exhaust of space) Ensure ventilation air supply is from clean source Allow enough time for blowers to clear the space before entering. Ensure that the blowers remain on during the entire entry procedure. If the blower fails, the Entrant must leave the space immediately Note: this applies to both “Permit Required” and “Alternate Entry” procedures Slide 22 (of 31)

Types of Personal Protective Equipment Protective clothing Welding apron/sleeves Respirators Gloves Safety glasses Slide 23 (of 31)

Retrieval Equipment Rescue harness (chest or full body) Rescue tripod Rope or cable (inspect for damage) Slide 24 (of 31)

Department Responsibilities Risk Management Department & Communication Services, Environmental Services and EH&S Department Establish & update written program provide training review records & provide consultation Ensure all involved employees receive training & follow procedures provide and maintain equipment maintain records Slide 25 (of 31)

Entry Supervisor Responsibilities Ensure all persons involved in a confined space entry are properly trained Evaluate and classify the confined space prior to entry Complete the Confined Space Entry Permit (if required) Ensure canceled permits are properly filed Slide 26 (of 31)

Entrant Responsibilities Completed Confined Space training Must stay in constant contact with the Attendant (I. e. sight, voice or radio) during a Permit Required Confined Space entry Use the appropriate safety equipment as specified on the Entry Permit Slide 27 (of 31)

Entry Attendant Responsibilities Completed Confined Space Training Obtain & install required safety equipment for Permit Required Confined Space entries Monitor pedestrian barriers to protect entrant(s) from external hazards Monitor the atmosphere during the entire entry operation Must remain in position until relieved by another trained Attendant Ensure all lockout/tagout measures (if implemented) remain in place Responsible for ordering an evacuation if a situation develops that could endanger the Entrant Slide 28 (of 31)

Rescuer Responsibilities Understand the hazards of the space All rescues attempted by CSUN personnel will be Non. Entry Rescues (i. e. rescuer will not enter the space at any time during rescue) Retrieval equipment is required for all Permit Required vertical entries greater than 5 feet Be certified in emergency first aid and CPR Entry Supervisor must determine how emergency personnel will be notified Understand appropriate entry procedures Know how to use rescue equipment Practice confined space rescues at least annually Slide 29 (of 31)

Training All CCSD employees who participate in Permit Required or Alternate Entry Procedures including Entrance Supervisors, Attendants and Entrants, must receive training in the requirements of this program All CCSD employees who are designated as rescue personnel must be trained in proper rescue techniques as well as CPR and First Aid Slide 30 (of 31)

REMEMBER. . . Call Environmental Services and/or Risk Management if area is questionable 99% of entries are alternate entry The campus/location has changed over time and is still changing, so don’t rely on past history Use the decision flow chart each time! Only the Entry Supervisor may downgrade All rescues are non-entry Be safe! Slide 31 (of 31)