Conditioning By Andrew Hawes Classical Conditioning Defined as

Conditioning By Andrew Hawes

Classical Conditioning • Defined as a form of learning in which reflex responses are associated with a new stimuli. • Pavlov’s Dogs Experiment- dog trained to salivate at the sound of a bell • The mind associates a stimulus that is completely neutral to be paired with an action or reflex. (example: students immediately standing when a bell rings at school) • Unconscious reaction, not thought about

Classical Condition • Neutral Stimulus- stimulus that evokes no response. (bell) • Unconditioned Response- natural reflex to stimulus (salivating at smell of food) • Unconditioned Stimulus- a stimulus that is able of evoking a response (food’s ability to make mouth water) • Conditioned Stimulus- a stimulus that creates a response because of it repeatedly being pared with an unconditioned stimulus. Mind associates neutral stimulus with unconditioned response. (Dogs salivating at sound of bell)

Classical Conditioning • Generalization- similar stimuli being pared together and interpreted as the same. (dog salivating at sight of bag that looks similar to its food bag) • Spontaneous Recovery- learned response re-appearing after time when it was extinct.

Operant Conditioning • Defined as learning based on the consequence of responding • Skinner Box • Can be reinforced by either negative or positive consequences. • Example: a rat receives a piece of food every time a lever is pulled. • Actions are supported by Operant Reinforces

Classical Vs. Operant Conditioning • Classical Conditioning is unconscious where as Operant Conditioning is done deliberately based on what consequences are expected.