Conditionals The Three Conditionals 3 conditionals in English

Conditionals !

The Three Conditionals 3 conditionals in English Some grammar books = 4 • 1 st conditional - true in the present • 1 st conditional - true in the future • 2 nd conditional – untrue in the present • 3 rd conditional – untrue in the past

The 1 st Conditional = TRUE • In the present… If it , I usually ______ to • In the future… If it on Sunday, the ______ cancelled.

The 1 st Conditional: Grammatical form In the present • If it rains, “if” clause Tense? → Present tense I usually take the bus to school. + “result” clause Tense? → Present tense In the future • If it rains on Sunday, the picnic will be cancelled. “if” clause Tense? → Present tense + NEVER put the future tense… in the “if” clause! → If I will go… “result” clause Tense? → Future tense

Grammatical options Reverse? How is it different? comma → I usually take the bus to school if it rains. → The picnic will be cancelled if it rains on Sunday. This is the same for ALL conditionals.

The 2 nd Conditional = UNTRUE in the PRESENT • If I _____ rich , I (buy) ______ you a new .

The nd 2 Conditional: Grammatical form If I were rich, I would buy you a new pencil. If I had a million dollars, I would buy you a new pencil. “if” clause Tense? → Past tense + “result” clause Form? → would /could + infinitive verb Should? Should Notice: If I WERE…? HOWEVER… But learn the rule If I / you / he / she / it / we / they WERE

The 3 rd Conditional = UNTRUE in the PAST • If you (come) ____to the party last night, you (have) _______a great time.

The 3 rd Conditional • If you had come to the party last night, “if” clause: Tense? → Past Perfect tense • you would have had a great time. “result” clause: Form? → would /could + have + past participle HOWEVER… If I would have known it would make you angry, I wouldn’t have done it. But, again, learn the rule !

Mixing 2 nd & 3 rd Conditionals • Sometimes, the situation (if clause) is in the past, but the result is in the present. • If you hadn’t drunk so much last night, you wouldn’t be hung over today! 3 rd conditional situation 2 nd conditional result • Sometimes the situation is in the present, but the result is in the past. • If I were her, 2 nd conditional situation I wouldn’t have married that jerk! 3 rd conditional result

Mixed Conditionals continued… • If I hadn’t come to Canada to study English, • I (not meet) ___________ my friends from other countries. wouldn’t have met (3 rd conditional result) • I (not know) __________ my friends from other countries. wouldn’t know (2 nd conditional result) • KNOW = state / MEET = action

Mixed conditionals continued… • If the action (the result) is continuous… STUDY / WORK If I hadn’t come to Canada to study English, I _________________________. would be working at a part-time job / studying in my university. = 2 nd conditional result in continuous tense

Summary • First conditional – true in the present / future If you don’t love someone, you should split up with him/her. If Judy decides to have her baby alone, it will be very difficult for her. • Seconditional – untrue in the present If I were Judy, I would dump Paul. If Paul helped Judy more, they would get along better. • Third conditional – untrue in the past If Judy had known that Paul planned to dump her, she probably wouldn’t have allowed herself to get pregnant. • Mixed conditionals • If I hadn’t come here to study English, I wouldn’t have any international friends. • 3 rd conditional situation 2 nd conditional result

Now, let’s practise!

In groups, complete these sentences on the board… 1. If the weather is crappy this weekend, 2. I would be very happy if… 3. If I feel sad, I usually 4. My parents would be very angry if… 5. If I could talk to the leader of my country, 6. Our planet will not survive if… 7. If I could change one thing about my life, 8. I wouldn’t have come to Canada if… 9. If I want to have a good time, I usually 10. It would be great if… 11. If I hadn’t come to Victoria, 12. My parents will be very happy if… 13. If I had $100 to spend tonight, 14. I will dump my girlfriend/boyfriend if… / I would dump my girlfriend/boyfriend if… 15. If the weather is nice this weekend, 16. If I can significantly improve my English,