Conditionals Complete the following superstitions with complete sentences

Conditionals

Complete the following superstitions with complete sentences • If you find a penny… • If you break a mirror… • If you walk under a ladder… • If you swallow watermelon seeds…

Zero Conditional • Uses: Use the zero conditional to talk about scientific facts, constant laws of nature, unchangeable rules, customs and personal routines. • • Formula: present simple, present simple Positive Example: If/When it is lunch time in London, it is breakfast time in New York. Negative Example: If/When it is not below zero degrees Celsius, it is not snowing. Notes: Either if or when can be used in the if-clause. First Conditional • Uses: Use the first conditional to talk about probable/possible conditions in the future, or for threats or warnings involving direct action. • Formula: present simple, future • Positive Example: If it rains tomorrow, I will bring my umbrella. • Negative Example: a food, don´t eat it. If you don´t like Notes: You can use an imperative in the main clause You can use the present continuous or present perfect instead of the present simple. •

• If there is a zombie attack, they will shut down the school. • If they shut down the school, I won’t get to go to class. • If I don’t get to go to class, I will join the army. • If I join the army, I will fight against the zombies. • If I fight against the zombies, I will become a war hero.

Do Now: Finish each of these sentences. • When you arrive late to school… – you have to go to the office. • If it doesn´t stop raining before CAS… – we will play volleyball inside. • If Moni were taller… – she would ride on the rollercoaster. • If it hadn´t been so cold yesterday… – I would have gone to the game.

Second Conditional or might. • Uses: Use the seconditional to Third Conditional talk about unreal or hypothetical • Uses: Use third conditional to situations in the present or talk about past events that are improbable events in the future. untrue. • Formula: past simple, would / • Formula: past perfect, would have wouldn´t + infinitive / wouldn’t have + past participle • Positive Example: If I met Obama, • Positive Example: If you had paid I would ask for his autograph. attention, you would have known what to do. • Negative Example: If I didn´t have a small house, I would invite you • Negative Example: If they had not all to a party. been looking the other way, they would have seen the sign. • Notes: You can use the past continuous instead of the past • Notes: You can use the past perfect simple. continuous instead of the past perfect. • Instead of would, you can use could

Conjugate the verb in parentheses • If she had studied, she ____ (pass) the exam. • If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.

Conjugate the verb in parentheses • If I hadn't eaten so much, I ____ (feel) sick last night. • If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn’t have felt sick last night.

Conjugate the verb in parentheses • She wouldn't have been tired if she ____ (go) to bed earlier. • She wouldn’t have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier.

Conjugate the verb in parentheses • She _____ (become) a teacher if she had gone to university. • She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university.

Conjugate the verb in parentheses • He would have been on time for the interview if he _____ (leave) the house at nine. • He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine.

Practice • Directions: Write a dialogue for an argument between two people (based on the card you draw). – Include at least five examples each (ten total) of the third conditional. – Include at least two vocabulary words from the board. – Your argument must have some sort of resolution.

Mixed Conditionals • When we talk about mixed conditionals, we are referring to conditional sentences that combine two different types of conditional patterns.

Mixed 3/2 Conditional • 3 rd conditional in the if-clause followed by a 2 nd conditional in the main clause If Clause (3 rd) If + had/hadn’t + past participle Main Clause (2 nd) Would/wouldn’t + infinitive Example: If he had taken the medication as prescribed, he wouldn't still be sick in bed.

Mixed 3/2 Conditional • With this combination we are describing what the outcome would be in the present, if things had happened differently in the past. the opposite of what actually happened Example: If she had taken reasonable precautions, she wouldn't be pregnant now. Hypothetical present outcome

What is the difference between the third conditional and the mixed conditional? 3 rd Conditional Mixed Conditional • Describes what the outcome would have been in the past, if things had happened differently in the past. • Describes what the outcome would be in the present, if things had happened differently in the past. • Example: If Vika hadn’t given birth to a unicorn, she wouldn’t have gone to the hospital last night. • Example: If Vika hadn’t given birth to a unicorn, she wouldn’t be a mother today.

Mixed 3/2 Conditional • 2 nd conditional in the if-clause followed by a 3 rd conditional in the main clause If clause (2 nd) If + simple past Main Clause (3 rd) Would/wouldn’t + have + past participle Example: If you weren´t so scary, you wouldn’t have made the baby cry.

Mixed 2/3 Conditional • With this combination we are describing ongoing circumstances or characteristics in relation to a past event. ongoing characteristic Example: If you weren't such a poor dancer, you would've got a job in the chorus line in that musical. past event

Mixed Conditinal Practice • If you weren't so blind to his faults, you __________that he was out to swindle you. (realize) • If you weren't so blind to his faults, you would've realized that he was out to swindle you.

Mixed Conditional Practice • If he hadn't run after the car thief and suffered a heart attack, he __________ (die). • If he hadn't run after the car thief and suffered a heart attack, he wouldn't have died.

Mixed Conditional Practice • She wouldn’t need a visa to work here if she _________ (be) born in Europe. • She wouldn’t need a visa to work here if she had been born in Europe.

Mixed Conditional Practice • Sam would have translated the letter for you if he _______ (speak) Russian. • Sam would have translated the letter for you if he spoke Russian.

Do Now • Directions: Complete the following sentences using either the 3/2 or 2/3 mixed conditional. 1. If he hadn’t lost his mind…. 2. You would have got the girl…. 3. Perry would be a millioinaire…. 4. If she weren´t so spoiled….