Conclusion for Beam Diagnostics Course Diagnostics is the

Conclusion for Beam Diagnostics Course Diagnostics is the ’sensory organ’ for the beam. It required for operation and development of accelerators Four types of demands leads to different installations: Ø Quick, non-destructive measurements leading to a single number or simple plots. Ø Instrumentation for daily check, malfunction diagnosis and wanted parameter variation. Ø Complex instrumentation used for hard malfunction and accelerator development. Ø Automated measurement and control of beam parameters i. e. feedback A clear interpretation of the results is a important design criterion. General comments: Ø Good knowledge of accelerators, general physics and technologies needed. Ø Quite different technologies are used, based on various physics processes. Ø Each task and each technology calls for an expert. Ø Accelerator development goes parallel to diagnostics development. Þ Interesting and challenging subject! Peter Forck, JUAS Archamps 1 Conclusion

Beam Quantities and their Diagnostics I LINAC & transport lines: Single pass Synchrotron: multi pass Electrons: always relativistic Protons/Ions: non-relativistic for Ekin < 1 Ge. V/u Depending on application: Low current high current Overview of the most commonly used systems: Beam quantity Current I General Profile xwidth Special General Position xcm Transverse Emittance εtran Special General Special Peter Forck, JUAS Archamps LINAC & transfer line Transformer, dc & ac Faraday Cup Particle Detectors Screens, SEM-Grids Wire Scanners, OTR Screen MWPC, Fluorescence Light Pick-up (BPM) Using position measurement Slit-grid Quadrupole Variation Pepper-Pot 2 Synchrotron Transformer, dc & ac Pick-up Signal (relative) Ionization Profile Monitor Wire Scanner, Synchrotron Light Monitor Pick-up (BPM) Ionization Profile Monitor Wire Scanner Transverse Schottky Conclusion

Beam Quantities and their Diagnostics II Beam quantity Bunch Length Δφ Momentum p and Momentum Spread Δp/p Longitudinal Emittance εlong Tune and Chromaticity Q, ξ General LINAC & transfer line Pick-up Special Secondary electrons General Special Pick-ups (Time-of-Flight) Magnetic Spectrometer Buncher variation Magnetic Spectrometer ----- Synchrotron Pick-up Wall Current Monitor Streak Camera Electro-optical laser mod. Pick-up (e. g. tomography) Schottky Noise Spectrum Pick-up & tomography Exciter + Pick-up Transverse Schottky Spectrum Beam Loss rloss General Particle Detectors Polarization P General Special General Particle Detectors Laser Scattering (Compton scattering) Particle Detectors Luminocity L ØDestructive and non-destructive devices depending on the beam parameter. ØDifferent techniques for the same quantity Same technique for the different quantities. Peter Forck, JUAS Archamps 3 Conclusion

Conclusion for Beam Diagnostics Course Diagnostics Thank you for your attention! For a successful construction and operation of an accelerator, the understand right balance of all disciplines is required! Peter Forck, JUAS Archamps 4 Conclusion