COMPUTING THROUGH THE YEARS 1953 1960 By SHANNON

COMPUTING THROUGH THE YEARS 1953 -1960 By: SHANNON TEAL Marcela Martinez

1953 BLACK BOX FLIGHT RECORDER • When: 1953 • Where: Australia • Who: Dr. David Warren • What: Helps piece together the cause of a plane crash.

1953 PLUTONIUM CORE REACTOR • When: June 54, 1953 • Where: EBR-1 BUILDING, ACO. • Who: Walter Zinn • What: Provided the first proof of “breeding” capability, producing one atom of nuclear fuel for each atom balneal and later produced electricity using.

1954 • Herman Hollerith • Started the tabulating machine company in 1896 and later incorporated on June 16, 1911 in the state of New York as (C-T-R). • In 1924 C-T-R adopted the name International Business Machine (IBM). •

1955 WIRELESS TV REMOTE CONTROL(LAZY BONE) • when: 1955 • Where: Illinois • Who: Eugene J. Polley • What: Allowed people to change the channel from the sofa.

1956 HOVERCRAFT • When: 1956 • Where: Britain • Who: Christopher Cockrell • What: A vehicle that can fly over the water surface

1957 THE SPUTNIK • October 4, 1957 • Soviet union • launched the world’s first manmade satellite into orbit. The satellite, known as Sputnik, did not do much: It tumbled aimlessly around in outer space, sending blips and bleeps from its radio transmitters as it circled the Earth. Still, to many Americans, the beach-ball-sized Sputnik was proof of something alarming: While the brightest scientists and engineers in the United States had been designing bigger cars and better television sets, soviet focused on less frivolous things.

1958 -ALL SEMICONDUCTORS “SOLID CIRCUIT” IS DEMONSTRATED • Jack Kilby • September 12, 1958 • Texas Instruments Built a circuit using germanium mesa p-n-p transistor slices he had etched to form transistor , capacitor , and resistor elements. By using “Flying – Wires” he connected the separates elements into a oscillator circuit. T. I. announced Kilby’s “solid circuit “ concept in March 1959 and introduced its first commercial device in March 1960.

1959 -EARLY HEART PACEMAKER • John Hopps (Canadian) • He invented the first cardiac pacemaker. He was trained as an electrical engineer at the university of Manitoba and joined the national research council in 1941, where he conducted research on hypothermia.

1960 RUBY LASER/1 ST SUCCESSFUL OPTICAL OR LIGHT LASER • When: 1960 • Where: Great Britain • Who: Theodore Maiman • What: Light source for medical and cosmetic procedures, and in high speed photography and pulsed holography.