Computing Strategy Victoria White Associate Lab Director for
Computing Strategy Victoria White, Associate Lab Director for Computing and CIO Fermilab PAC June 24, 2011
The Experiments you approve • Depend heavily (at all stages from inception to publication and beyond) on Computing: § § § § § 2 Facilities (power, cooling, space) Data storage and distribution Compute servers Grid services Databases High performance networks Software frameworks for simulation, processing, analysis Tools such as GEANT, ROOT, Pythia, GENIE General tools to support collaboration, documentation, code management, etc. Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Our job in the Computing Sector • Is to enable science and to optimize the support (human and technological) of the scientific programs of the lab (including the Experiment program) § § • 3 Within funding and resource contraints In the face of growing demands To meet emerging needs To deal with rapidly changing technology We also have to provide computing to support the lab’s operations and provide all the standard services that an organization needs (and often expects 24 x 7) Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Computing Division -> Computing Sector • • • 4 Service Management Business Relationship Management (BSM) ITIL Process Owners Continuous Service Improvement Program ISO 20 K Certification Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 • • Office of the CIO Enterprise Architecture (EA) & Configuration Management Computer Security Governance and Portfolio Management Project Management Office Financial Management
Scientific Computing strategy Provide computing, software tools and expertise to all parts of the Fermilab scientific program including theory simulations (Lattice QCD and Cosmology), and accelerator modeling • Work closely with each scientific program – as collaborators (where a scientist from computing is involved) and as valued customers. • Create a coherent Scientific Computing program from the many parts and many funding sources – encouraging sharing of facilities, common approaches and re-use of software wherever possible • 5 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
EXPERIMENT COMPUTING STRATEGIES 6 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
CMS Tier 1 at Fermilab The CMS Tier-1 facility at Fermilab and the experienced team who operate it enable CMS to reprocess data quickly and to distribute the data reliably to the user community around the world. • Fermilab also operates: • LHC Physics Center (LPC) • Remote Operations Center • U. S. CMS Analysis Facility 7 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
CMS Offline and Computing • Fermilab is a hub for CMS Offline and Computing § § • 8 Ian Fisk is the CMS Computing Coordinator Liz Sexton-Kennedy is Deputy Offline Coordinator Patricia Mc. Bride is Deputy Computing Coordinator Leadership roles in many areas in CMS Offline and Computing: Frameworks, Simulations, Data Quality Monitoring, Workload Management and Data Management, Data Operations, Integration and User Support. Fermilab Remote Operations Center allows US physicists to participate in monitoring shifts for CMS. Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Computing Strategy for CMS Continue to evolve the CMS Tier 1 center at Fermilab - to meet US obligations to CMS and provide the highest level of availability and functionality for the $ • Continue to ensure that the LHC Physics Center and the US CMS physics community is well supported by the Tier 3 (LPC CAF) at Fermilab • Plan for evolution of the computing, software and data access models as the experiment matures – requires R&D and development • § § § 9 Ever higher bandwidth networks Data on demand Frameworks for multi-core Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Any Data, Anywhere, Any time: Early Demonstrator • 10 Root I/O and Xrootd demonstrator : an example of evolving requirements and technology Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Run II Computing Strategy • Production processing and Monte-Carlo production capability after the end of data taking § § • Analysis computing capability for at least 5 years, but diminishing after end of 2012 § • § 11 Push for 2012 conferences for many results –no large drop in computing requirements through this period Continued support for up to 5 years for § • Reprocessing efforts in 2011/2012 aimed at the Higgs Monte Carlo production at the current rate through mid 2013 Code management and science software infrastructure Data handling for production (+MC) and Analysis Operations Curation of the data: > 10 years with possibly some support for continuing analyses Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Tevatron – looking ahead CDF and D 0 expect the publication rate to remain stable for several years. Analysis activity: § CDF Publications each year § D 0 Publications each year 12 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 Expect > 100 (students+ postdocs) actively doing analysis in each experiment through 2012. Expect this number to be much smaller in 2015 though data analysis will still be on-going.
“Data Preservation” for Tevatron data • Data will be stored and migrated to new tape technologies for ~ 10 years § • Eventually 16 PB of data will seem modest If we want to maintain the ability to reprocess and do analysis on the data there is a lot of work to be done to keep the entire environment viable § Code, access to databases, libraries, I/O routines, Operating Systems, documentation…. . If there is a goal to provide “open data” that scientists outside of CDF and Dzero could use there is even more work to do. • 4 th Data Preservation Workshop was held at Fermilab in May • Not just a Tevatron issue • 13 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Intensity Frontier program needs • Many experiments in many different phases of development/operations. • MINOS • Mini. Boo. NE • Sci. Boo. NE • MINERv. A • NOv. A • Micro. Boo. NE • Argo. Neu. T • Mu 2 e • g-2 • LBNE • Project X era expts 14 CPU (cores) Disk (TB) Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 1 PB
Intensity Frontier strategies Nu. Comp forum to encourage planning and common approaches where possible • A shared analysis facility where we can quickly and flexibly allocate computing to experiments • Continue to work to “grid enable” the simulation and processing software • § Good success with MINOS, MINERv. A and Mu 2 e All experiments use shared storage services – for data and local disk – so we can allocate resources when needed • Hired two associate scientists in the past year and reassigned another scientist. • 15 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Budget/resource allocation for 2012 + • There is always upward pressure for computing § § • Within a fixed budget each experiment can usually optimize between tape drives, tapes, disk, cpu, servers § • 16 more disk and more cpu leads to faster results and greater flexibility more help with software & operations is always requested assuming basic shared services are provided. With so many experiments in so many different stages we intend to convene a “Scientific Computing Portfolio Management Team” to examine the needs/computing models of the different Fermilab based experiments and help in allocating the finite dollars to optimize scientific output. Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Cosmic Frontier experiments Continue to curate data for SDSS • Support data and processing for Auger, CDMS and COUPP • Will maintain an archive copy of the DES data and provide modest analysis facilities for Fermilab DES scientists. • § § Data management is an NCSA (NSF) responsibility We have the capability to provide computing should this become necessary DES use Open Science Grid resources opportunistically • Future initiatives still in the planning stages • 17 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 SDSS DES
DES Analysis Computing at Fermilab • Fermilab plans to host a copy of the DES Science Archive. This consists of two pieces § § • This copy serves a number of different roles § § § • 18 A copy of the Science database A copy of the relevant image data on disk and tape Acts as a backup for the primary NCSA archive, enabling collaboration access to the data when the primary is unavailable Handles queries by the collaboration, thus supplementing the resources at NCSA Enables the Fermilab scientists to effectively exploit the DES data for science analysis To support the science analysis of the Fermilab Scientists, DES will need a modest amount of computing (of order 24 nodes). This is similar to what was supported for the SDSS project. Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
LSST Fermilab recently joined LSST • Fermilab expertise in data management, software frameworks, overall computing • § • Currently negotiating small roles in § § 19 from SDSS and from the entire program means we could contribute effectively Data Acquisition (where it touches data management) Science Analysis (where it touches data management) Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
SOFTWARE IN COLLABORATION 20 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Software Tools and frameworks: our strategy • Develop and maintain core expertise and tools, aiming to support the entire lifecycle of scientific programs § § § • Provide support of concept development to scientific programs in pre-project phase § • 21 Focus on areas of general applicability with long term support requirements Work in partnership with individual programs to create scientific applications Participate in projects and collaborations that aim to develop scientific computational infrastructure Enabled by core expertise and tools Reuse expertise and best-of-class tools from partnerships with individual projects and make them available to other projects Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Framework Applications NOv A LAr CMS Mu 2 e LQCD software Framework Mini. Boo. NE Run. II Offline infrastructure Success: specific application (Run. II) leads to community tool and continuing requests for framework applications from new projects Ø Success: high-quality implementations (most recently, CMS framework) Ø 22 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
“CMS framework in excellent shape and well validated*” *CMS offline coordinators, Dec 2010 23 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Detector Simulation • GEANT activity: members of G 4 collaboration since 2007, toolkit capability development. • • Simulation development & support activity: provide expertise and support to Fermilab projects and users. • • Applications in high-priority areas for the Fermilab program. Shifting from LHC/CMS main focus to Intensity Frontier Toolkit evolution: in collaboration with other institutions (SLAC, CERN, …) • • 24 Work in critical areas defined by G 4 external reviews Optimize performance of existing toolkit Enhance capabilities and improve infrastructure Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Analysis suites for the community: ROOT is the standard HEP analysis toolkit, used for Run. II, LHC, and Intensity Frontier • § Fermilab is a founding member of the ROOT project Support deployment and operation of ROOT applications by Fermilab users and projects • Development emphasis, in collaboration with CERN, to optimize I/O (essential for LHC) and thread safety (driven by technology evolution and LHC needs) • 25 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 25
Software – collaborative efforts • • • 26 Com. PASS – Accelerator Modeling Tools project Lattice QCD project and USQCD Collaboration Open Science Grid – many aspects and some subprojects such as Grid security, workload management Grid and Data Management tools Advanced Wide Area Network projects Dcache collaboration Enstore collaboration Scientific Linux (with CERN) GEANT core development /validation (with GEANT 4 collaboration) ROOT development & support (with CERN) Cosmological Computing Data Preservation initiative (global HEP) Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
SHARING STRATEGIES 27 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Why Sharing Strategies are needed Cost • Coherent technical approaches and architectures • Support over the entire lifecycle of an experiment/project • 28 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Experiment/Project Lifecycle and funding Expt or Project specific Shared services Early Period R&D, Simulations LOI, Proposals 29 Mature phase Construction, Operations, Analysis Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 Project specific Shared services Final data-taking and beyond Final analysis, Data preservation and access
Sharing via the Grid – Fermi. Grid User Login & Job Submission Fermi. Grid Authenticatio n/Authorizatio n Services Fermi. Grid Site Gateway Fermi. Grid Infrastructure Services D 0 CDF GRIDFarm 3284 slots 6916 slots 5600 slots 30 Tera. Grid WLCG NDGF Open Science Grid Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 Fermi. Grid Monitoring/ Accounting Services CMS 7485 slots
Open Science Grid (OSG) • The Open Science Grid (OSG) advances science through open distributed computing. The OSG is a multi-disciplinary partnership to federate local, regional, community and national cyberinfrastructures to meet the needs of research and academic communities at all scales. The US contribution and partnership with the LHC Computing Grid is provided through OSG for CMS and ATLAS Total of 95 sites; ½ million jobs a day, 1 million CPU hours/day; 1 million files transferred/day. • It is cost effective, it promotes collaboration, it is working! • 31 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
FNAL CPU – core count for science 32 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Data Storage at Fermilab - Tape Petabytes on tape at end of fiscal year 30 25 20 Other experiments CMS 15 D 0 10 CDF 5 0 FY 07 33 FY 08 FY 09 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 FY 10
Data on tape - total s t n e im r e h p x E Ot 34 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Fermi. Cloud: Virtualization likely a key component for long term analysis The Fermi. Cloud project is a private cloud facility built to provide a production facility for cloud services • A private cloud—on-site access only for registered Fermilab users • § Can be evolved into a hybrid cloud with connections to Magellan, Amazon or other cloud provider in the future. Much of the “data intensive” computing cannot use commercial Cloud computing • Not cost effective today for permanent use – only for overflow or unexpected needs for Simulation. • 35 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
COMPUTING FOR THEORY AND SIMULATION SCIENCE 36 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
High Performance (parallel) Computing is needed for Lattice Gauge Theory calculations (LQCD) • Accelerator modeling tools and simulations • Computational Cosmology: • Dark energy, matter Cosmic gas Galaxies Simulations connect fundamentals with observables 37 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Strategies for Simulation Science Computing • Lattice QCD is the poster child § Coherent inclusive US QCD collaboration • § LQCD Computing Project (HEP and NP funding) • § Sci. DAC II project to develop the software infrastructure Multi-institutional tools project COMPASS – Panagiotis Spentzouris, Fermilab is the PI Also accelerator project specific modeling efforts Computational Cosmology § § 38 Bill Boroski, Fermilab is the Project Manager Accelerator modeling § • Paul Mac. Kenzie, Fermilab leads. This allocates HPC resources. Computational Cosmology Collaboration (C 3) for mid-range computing for astrophysics and cosmology Taskforce – Fermilab, ANL, U of Chicago - to develop strategy Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
CORE COMPUTING & INFRASTRUCTURE 39 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Core Computing – a strong base • Scientific Computing relies on Core Computing services and Computing Facility infrastructure § § § • 40 Core Networking and network services Computer rooms, power and cooling Email, videoconferencing, web servers Document databases, Indico, calendering Service desk Monitoring and alerts Logistics Desktop support (Windows and Mac) Printer support Computer Security …. . and more All of the above is provided through overheads Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Computer Rooms • The home of all the scientific computing hardware is the computer rooms. § § They provide power, space and cooling for all the systems. CD’s computer rooms are a critical component of the successful delivery of scientific computing. Feynman Computing Center (FCC) 41 Grid Computing Center (GCC) Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011 Lattice Computing Center (LCC)
Fermilab Computing Facilities • Feynman Computing Center (FCC) • High availability services – e. g. core network, email, etc. • Tape Robotic Storage (3 10000 slot libraries) • UPS & Standby Power Generation • ARRA project: upgrade cooling and add HA computing room - completed • Grid Computing Center (GCC) • High Density Computational Computing • CMS, RUNII, Grid Farm batch worker nodes • Lattice HPC nodes • Tape Robotic Storage (4 10000 slot libraries) • Lattice Computing Center (LCC) • UPS & taps for portable generators • High Performance Computing (HPC) • Accelerator Simulation, Cosmology nodes • No UPS 42 EPA Energy Star award 2010 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Facilities: more than just space power and cooling – continuous planning ARRA funded new high availability computer room in Feynman Computing Center Many CMS disks are now in here 43 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Reliable high speed networking is key 44 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
Conclusion We have a coherent and evolving scientific computing program that emphasizes sharing of resources, re-use of code and tools, and requirements planning. • Embedded scientists with deep involvement are also a key strategy for success. • Fermilab takes on leadership roles in computing in many areas. • We support projects and experiments at all stages of their lifecycle – but if we want to truly preserve access to Tevatron data long term much more work is needed. • 45 Computing Strategy - Fermilab PAC 6/24/2011
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