Computer System 1 Computer SystemSet of components that

Computer System 1

Computer System—Set of components that interact to achieve common goal. Computer System—is the system that made up of four elements. 2

Computer System’s Elements 1. Hardware • Input devices • Output devices • System unit • Storage devices • Communication devices 3

Computer System’s Elements 2. Software • • System software Application software 3. Data/Information 4. People 4

People in Computer System 5 l People are the most important component of the computer system. l A computer system consists of people working together with hardware and software components that designed to provide an effective tool to process data into useful information.

People in Computer System l Divide into two groups – Computer professionals § – Computer users § 6 A person who designs computers, creates computer related-system, writes system program and/or application programs, operates and maintains computerrelated system. A person who works with the computer system to achieve a desired end result.

Organizing Computer system 7 l Centralized computer system l Decentralized computer system l Distributed computer system

Centralized Computer System l One computer for all in an organization l There is a single computer called hostcomputer does all the tasks – Supply data processing support to all departments in the company via terminals which are connected through communication line. § § 8 Dumb terminals Intelligent terminals

Terminal Host computer Terminal 9 Terminal

Centralized Computer System l Advantages – – – l Disadvantages – 10 Cost-effectiveness Easy to coordinate and control Processing standard is easier to impose and enforce Bottleneck problem

Decentralized Computer System 11 l A separate host-computer system is used to service the need of a major organizational unit. l Each personnel may have his/her own microcomputer.

Decentralized Computer System l Advantages – – l Disadvantages – – 12 Better able to meet local department information needs than centralized computer system are. More convenient to use. Difficult to obtain consolidated company wide management information. The duplication of hardware, software and personnel.

Distributed Computer System 13 l Something for everyone. l Seeks a middle path between centralized and decentralized approaches. l A number of computers are used at different points in the organizations, and are linked together for data communication (computer network).

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Distributed Computer System l Advantages – – – l Disadvantages – 16 Increase user involvement Improve coordination Focus on corporate processing needs Without careful planning, the compatibility of data files can become a problem.

Networks l – 17 What is a network? Collection of computers and devices connected via communications devices and transmission media