Computer Science at Kansas State University A Tour

Computer Science at Kansas State University: A Tour of The Computer Graphics and Artificial Intelligence Programs William H. Hsu, Mantena V. Raju, Ben Perry and Haipeng Guo Department of Computing and Information Sciences Kansas State University Engineering Science Summer Institute 2002 http: //groups. yahoo. com/group/ksu-essi This presentation is: http: //www. kddresearch. org/KSU/CIS/ESSI-2002. ppt Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Overview • Computer Science: What We Do – Software: operating systems, programming languages, software engineering, databases – Hardware: logic design, organization and architecture – Theory of Computation: algorithms, complexity, languages – Artificial Intelligence (AI): learning, reasoning, planning, agents – Computer Graphics, Geometry, and Vision – Computational Science and Engineering (CSE) • Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Fields of Study – Areas: learning, planning, vision, robotics – Applications in science, engineering, business, and defense • Computer Graphics – Some Current Projects and Fun Stuff – Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Engineering (CAE) – Information Visualization – Computer-Generated Images (CGI) and Animation (CGA) • High-Performance Computing: Linux and Beowulf Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Human-Computer Intelligent Interaction • Computer Graphics, Geometry, and Vision – – Rendering: generating images (realistic vs. cartoon, 2 -D vs. 3 -D) Animation, morphing: simulating appearance of motion or change Geometry: ray tracing, solid modeling, volume graphics Vision: analyzing an image to recognize shape, patterns • Artificial Intelligence – – – Planning, design, scheduling: automated decision-making Machine learning: building models from data Natural language processing: speech (“voice”) recognition and text Other (multi-modal) dialogues: gestures, facial expressions Intelligent “softbots”: playing games, conversational agents Mobile robotics: navigation, search and rescue, service, automated labor, sports (see http: //ijcai. org, http: //www. aaai. org) • Multimedia and HCI – Video-on-demand, streaming Internet content, other services – Intelligent agents: beyond Max Headroom Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Computer Graphics K-State Research and Teaching Programs • Rendering – Designing models – Producing computer-generated images (CGI) from models • Animation – Creating the appearance of motion (or changes in data) © Pixar, Inc. – Producing key frames, smoothly changing from one to the next – Many individual frames to be rendered (e. g. , Hollow Man, The Matrix) • Visualization – Visual display of quantitative information – Telling stories about data, objects, physical systems, processes – Example: weather visualizations (thunderstorm, tornado) • Other Topics: Graphic Design, Color Design, Digital Arts • Applications: Tutoring, Virtual Reality, Economics, Public Policy Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Artificial Intelligence K-State Research and Teaching Programs • Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) and Machine Learning – User modeling: interactive help, web log analysis, next-generation web search engines, digital libraries and info retrieval – Anomaly detection: intrusion (home, computer security); fraud – Decision support: customer relationship management, marketing (pricing, incentives, advertising), knowledge management – Computational medicine – Other: remote sensing, robot vision, control, multi-agent systems • Adaptive Computation and Soft Computing – Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) – Probabilistic and fuzzy reasoning – Genetic algorithms, genetic programming, evolutionary computation • Cognitive Science – “Biologically motivated” models of intelligence – Human-Computer Interaction: simulation, tutoring, visualization • Optimization and Planning Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Computer Graphics: Photorealistic Rendering and Animation http: //www. pixar. com http: //www. discreet. com http: //www. aliaswavefront. com/maya Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Curve and Surface Modeling in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) 1 2 http: //www. geocities. com/Silicon. Valley/Lakes/2057/nurbs. html 3 4 5 8 7 6 Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Fractal Systems http: //sprott. physics. wisc. edu/fractals. htm Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Information Visualization in Electronic Commerce Visible Decisions See. IT http: //www. vdi. com Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Virtual Environments and Computer-Assisted Instruction (Tutoring) Student (Ground) View Normal Ignited Engulfed Destroyed Extinguished Instructor (Aerial) View Visualization for Immersive Training and Tutoring in Shipboard Damage Control Fire Alarm Flooding Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Computer Graphics and Its Related Fields • Analytic Geometry • Art and Graphic Design • Cognitive Science • Computer Engineering • Engineering Design • Education • Film • Human Factors • Linear Algebra • Numerical Analysis Rendering Hardware VR Systems Portable/Embedded CG CAD CAE / CASE CAM Immersive Training Tutoring Interfaces Color/Optical Models CG/Vision Duality Interface Design Layout CG Design Visualization Parametric Equations Conics Polygon Rendering Computer Graphics (CG) Surface Modeling Physically-Based Modeling Stat/Info Visualization Transformations Change of Coordinate Systems User Modeling Ergonomic Interfaces, I/O Animation Large-Scale CG Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Visualizing Data Over Time Series Visualization System Developed using Java 3 D Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Information Retrieval (IR) and Text Mining: Commercial Applications 6500 news stories from the WWW in 1997 SPIRIX software Theme. Scapes http: //www. cartia. com Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Visual Programming and Software Engineering Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Stages of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Databases Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) and Fraud Detection Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining • What is “Data Mining”? – The process of automatically extracting valid, useful, previously unknown, and ultimately comprehensible information from large databases and using it to make decisions. – “Torturing the data until they confess” • What is Data Mining Used For? – Making decisions: business, defense, science, engineering (examples? ) – Anomaly detection (fraud, inappropriate practices, intrusions) – Crisis monitoring (drought, fire, resource demand) • Data Mining and Artificial Intelligence – – – Building models of uncertainty: applied probability and statistics Using maps: Geographic Information Systems, GPS Other fields of AI: real-time (embedded) control, planning and design How have you used AI (intelligent systems) this week? What probabilistic statements have you heard this year? Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Scalable Data Mining from Time Series Data Multiple Sources of Data (Hybrid and Multi-Strategy Learning Methods) Sources of Data Numerous Multiple Oil Spill Detection (Remote Sensing) Precision Agriculture (Deere, Caterpillar) Intensive Care Monitoring (Intelligent Alarms) - Aerial - Satellite Single Crisis Monitoring Meteorological, Hydrological, Seismic Monitoring Immersive Training (Multi-Agent Systems) - Surgical Anesthesiology (Stanford SMI) - Shipboard Damage Control (ONR/NRL: Illinois, Penn State) Electronic Component Failure (Ford, Boeing, Caterpillar) Sensor Fusion (Hughes Associates) Intelligent Displays for Automation (Microsoft Research, NASA) High Degree of Autonomy Required (Explanations / Justifications) Medical Condition Recognition Robotics in Safety Release (Hypertension, Diabetes, Sleep Apnea) Manufacturing Systems Simple (Chemical/Power Plants) Motion Sensors Classification (Diagnosis/Monitoring) Prognostics Application Types Decision Support Control Automation Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Beowulf Clusters: “The Supercomputer in Your Basement" Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4 Gigabit Ethernet Kansas State: Network of Workstation (No. W) Cluster 16 -, 32 -node Beowulfs Master • Java genetic algorithm or genetic program running in master virtual machine • Load balancing task manager • Message passing communication (TCP/IP, MPI, PVM) Node 5 Node 6 Node 7 Node 8 Slave Nodes • Migratable processes • Replicated data sets, simulators • SGI MLC++ (machine learning library in C++) Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences

Computational Science and Engineering Research Projects at Kansas State • Applications: research projects with other departments – – – Decision support, optimization: Industrial Engineering Digital libraries, information retrieval: Physics, Art, Journalism Human-Computer Interaction (HCI): Education, Psychology Computational life sciences: Agronomy, Biochem, Entomology Other CSE: Chemistry, Physics, Mechanical and Nuclear Eng. • Curriculum Development – – Machine learning and artificial intelligence; info visualization Robotics, knowledge-based expert systems Data modeling and database management systems Real-time intelligent systems • Research Partnerships – NCSA: National Computational Science Alliance, National Center for Supercomputing Applications – Industry (Raytheon, Payless), defense (ARL, ONR), NSF, KDOT Kansas State University Department of Computing and Information Sciences