Computer Networking Concepts RIP RIP Routing Information Protocol

RIP - Routing Information Protocol • The routers are updated every 30 seconds, each

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • By using the Hop Count information from

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • Novell adds ticks to the RIP algorithm,

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • LAN segments are typically assigned a value

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • Three commonest problems that can occur with

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t Ø Hop Count Exceeded: the maximum number of

References Introduction to Data Communications Copyleft Sept. 1999 - Jan 2005 TCP/IP Tutorial and

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Computer Networking Concepts: RIP

RIP - Routing Information Protocol • The routers are updated every 30 seconds, each router sending out a RIP broadcast. • • This advertisement process is what enables RIP routing to be dynamic. Dynamic routers can change routing tables on the fly as the network configuration changes.

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • By using the Hop Count information from their routing tables, routers can select the shortest path - the least number of hops to the destination. • Apple uses RTMP (routing table maintenance protocol) which adds a route status indicator: good, bad or suspect depending on the age of the route information.

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • Novell adds ticks to the RIP algorithm, Ticks are dynamically assigned values that represent the delay associated with a given route. • Each tick is considered 1/18 of a second.

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • LAN segments are typically assigned a value of 1 tick, a T 1 link may have a value of 5 to 6 ticks and a 56 Kbps line may have a value of 20 ticks. • Larger number of ticks indicate a slower routing path.

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t • Three commonest problems that can occur with RIP are: Ø Routing loops: the router indicates that the shortest path is back the way the packet came from. Ø Slow Route Convergence: routers have delay timers that start counting after the RIP advertising packet is broadcasted. This gives the routers time to receive and formulate a proper routing table from the other routers. If the delay timer is too short, the routing table can be implemented with incomplete data causing routing loops

RIP - Routing Information Protocol con’t Ø Hop Count Exceeded: the maximum number of hop counts is 15 for RIP. A hop count of 15 is classified as unreachable which makes RIP unsuitable for large networks where hop counts of 15 and above are normal.

References Introduction to Data Communications Copyleft Sept. 1999 - Jan 2005 TCP/IP Tutorial and Technical Overview An IBM Redbooks publication Published 19 December 2006 Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7 th Edition) James Kurose & Keith Ross