Computer Graphics Image Processing Lecture 1 Introduction ALI

Computer Graphics & Image Processing Lecture 1 Introduction

ALI JAVED Lecturer SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT U. E. T TAXILA Email: : alijaved@uettaxila. edu. pk Office Room #: : 7

Text Book (s) Gonzalez, R. C. and Woods, R. E. , Digital Image Processing, Second Edition, Pearson-Prentice Hall, Inc. , 2002. ISBN 81 -7758 -168 -6. u Gonzalez, R. C. , Woods, R. E. , and Eddins, S. L. , Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB®, Pearson -Prentice Hall, Inc. , 2004, ISBN 81 -7758 -898 -2. u

Computer Graphics u Graphics are visual presentations on some surface, such as a wall, computer screen, paper, or stone to brand, or entertain. Examples are photographs, drawings, graphs, diagrams, maps, engineering drawings, or other images u Computer graphics are graphics created using computers and, more generally, the representation and manipulation of pictorial data by a computer. u Developments in computer graphics have had a profound impact on many types of media and have revolutionized the animation and video game industry.

Computer Graphics u The term Computer Graphics has several meanings: • the representation and manipulation of pictorial data by a computer • the various technologies used to create and manipulate such pictorial data, and • the images so produced

What is an Image? u Image is a source of information according to information theory u An image may be defined as a two dimensional function f(x, y) where x and y are spatial coordinates and amplitude of f at any pair of coordinates (x, y) is called the intensity or Gray level of the image at that point.

Digital Image u When x, y and the amplitude values of f are all finite, discrete quantities, we call the image a Digital Image. u A digital Image is composed of a finite number of elements each of which has a particular location and value u These elements are referred to as Picture Elements, Image Elements, Pels or Pixels.

Pixel u In digital imaging, a pixel is the smallest piece of information in an image. u Pixels are normally arranged in a regular 2 -dimensional grid, and are often represented using dots or squares u The intensity of each pixel is variable; in color systems, each pixel has typically three or four components such as red, green, and blue, or cyan, magenta, yellow, and black

Digital Image Representation

Why do we Process Images? Facilitate picture storage and transmission Enhance and restore images Extract information from images Prepare for display or Printing

EM Spectrum

Key Stages in Digital Image Processing Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Image Acquisition Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Image Enhancement Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

alez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Morphological Processing Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Object Recognition Problem Domain Representation & Description Color Image Processing Image Compression

Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Segmentation Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Representation & Description Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

Images taken from Gonzalez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Object Recognition Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancemen t Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Image Compression Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

alez & Woods, Digital Image Processing (2002) Key Stages in Digital Image Processing: Colour Image Processing Image Restoration Morphological Processing Image Enhancement Segmentation Image Acquisition Representation & Description Problem Domain Object Recognition Color Image Processing Image Compression

Applications of Image Processing

1. Image Restoration

Image Colorization

Image Enhancement

Face Detection

Face Tracking

Face Morphing

Finger Print Recognition

Personal Identification Using Iris Recognition

Image Processing Components Image Sensing device Storage Media Processing Systems Displays Communication Media Hardcopy devices (e. g Printer)

Camera Lens (CMount, CSMount, Motorized) Optical Filter (Selectivity in EM waves) Imaging Sensor (CCD Sensor) Flash (Used for lighting/Illumination) Front Illumination Back Illumination Digitizer

Processing systems PC based General purpose PCs Servers Industrial PCs Embedded system based DSP processor based FPGA based System on chip (So. C)

Any question