Computer Basics 2 Computer A computer is a

Computer Basics 2

Computer �A computer is a machine that performs 4 basic functions: Input, Processing, Output, Storage

Computer System A complete working computer that has all of the necessary parts to make the computer function. Hardware Software

Hardware The physical components of the computer. The actual equipment you can see and touch.

Peripheral A peripheral is an external piece of hardware that is important, but not necessary for a computer system to work. Hardware

Hardware Input Devices Processing Output Devices Storage Devices

Input Devices Keyboard Mouse Microphone Scanner Touchpad Joystick Hardware that enables a computer user to enter data and programs into a computer.

The main parts of a computer system that process information. Processing

The main parts of a computer system that process information. Processing CPU Central Processing Unit The CPU is often called the “brains” of the computer.

The main parts of a computer system that process information. Processing CPU Central Processing Unit ROM is permanent internal memory that cannot be changed. ROM Read Only Memory The CPU is often called the “brains” of the computer.

The main parts of a computer system that process information. Processing CPU Central Processing Unit ROM is permanent internal memory that cannot be changed. The CPU is often called the “brains” of the computer. ROM Read Only Memory RAM Random Access Memory RAM is temporary memory that can be changed.

Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer. Output Devices

Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer. Output Devices Monitor Represents data as “soft copy. ” Some common monitors are CRT or flatpanel.

Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer. Output Devices Monitor Represents data as “hard copy. ” Some common printers are laser or inkjet. Printer Represents data as “soft copy. ” Some common monitors are CRT or flatpanel.

Hardware that represents data as either hard copy or soft copy after is has been processed by the computer. Output Devices Monitor Represents data as “hard copy. ” Some common printers are laser or inkjet. Printer Speakers Represents data as “soft copy. ” Some common monitors are CRT or flatpanel.

Storage Devices Needed for permanently storing important information such as computer programs, files, and data.

Storage Devices Plastic or metal platters that are coated with oxide and store data magnetically. Magnetic Storage Hard Disk Floppy Disk Videotape Needed for permanently storing important information such as computer programs, files, and data.

Storage Devices Plastic or metal platters that are coated with oxide and store data magnetically. Needed for permanently storing important information such as computer programs, files, and data. Magnetic Storage Hard Disk Floppy Disk Videotape Optical Storage CDs DVDs A storage medium on which data is recorded and read by two lasers

Storage Devices Plastic or metal platters that are coated with oxide and store data magnetically. Magnetic Storage Hard Disk Floppy Disk Videotape Optical Storage CDs DVDs A small storage device that can be plugged into a USB port. Needed for permanently storing important information such as computer programs, files, and data. USB Storage A storage medium on which data is recorded and read by two lasers

Network Computers that are connected in order to share information and resources. The main computer on a network is called a file server. LAN – Local Area Network Computers are in close proximity to each other. WAN – Wide Area Network Computers are in a larger geographical area.

Software A set of instructions or programs that tell a computer what to do.

Software Operating System or Platform Applications or Programs

This type of software manages RAM, controls peripheral devices, manages file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc. ), monitors system performance, and provides a user interface Operating System

This type of software manages RAM, controls peripheral devices, manages file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc. ), monitors system performance, and provides a user interface DOS is a command-line interface OS. It is not very user-friendly! Operating System DOS, Windows, Vista Windows is a GUI OS environment that works with DOS. It uses icons and menus to make computers easy to use. You can multitask with Windows.

This type of software manages RAM, controls peripheral devices, manages file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc. ), monitors system performance, and provides a user interface Operating System DOS is a command-line interface OS. It is not very user-friendly! DOS, Windows, Vista Macintosh computers have their own operating system. Macintosh Windows is a GUI OS environment that works with DOS. It uses icons and menus to make computers easy to use. You can multitask with Windows.

This type of software manages RAM, controls peripheral devices, manages file operations (saving, opening, deleting, renaming, etc. ), monitors system performance, and provides a user interface Operating System DOS is a command-line interface OS. It is not very user-friendly! DOS, Windows, Vista Macintosh computers have their own operating system. Macintosh Other Operating Systems: Linux, UNIX, OS/2 Windows is a GUI OS environment that works with DOS. It uses icons and menus to make computers easy to use. You can multitask with Windows.

Application Software or Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks.

Application Software or Programs Letters, reports, text Word Processing Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks.

Application Software or Programs Letters, reports, text Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks. Word Processing Spreadsheets Numbers

Application Software or Programs Letters, reports, text Word Processing Spreadsheets Slide Shows Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks. Electronic Presentations Numbers

Application Software or Programs Letters, reports, text Word Processing Spreadsheets Slide Shows Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks. Numbers Electronic Presentations Browser World Wide Web

Application Software or Programs Letters, reports, text Word Processing Spreadsheets Slide Shows Numbers Electronic Presentations Browser Large collections of data Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks. Database World Wide Web

Application Software or Programs Letters, reports, text Word Processing Spreadsheets Slide Shows Numbers Electronic Presentations Browser Large collections of data Programs that allow users to perform specific tasks. Database ? ? World Wide Web

Virus A small computer program or piece of code that is put on a computer (usually without the user knowing about it) that is destructive to the computer.

Hertz � Hertz measures the speed of a CPU ◦ Hertz = number of cycles per second � Megahertz � Gigahertz � Terahertz

Computers use a binary or Base 2 system of 0 s and 1 s (0=Off, 1=On) Bit a 0 or a 1 Smallest piece of data a computer understands or stores Byte 8 0 s and 1 s A = 1000001 Kilobyte 1, 024 bytes Megabyte 1 million bytes Gigabyte 1 billion bytes Terabyte 1 trillion bytes Petabyte, Exabyte, Zettabyte, Yottabyte

In September 1956 IBM launched the 305 RAMAC, the first computer with a hard disk drive (HDD). The HDD weighed over a ton and stored 5 MB of data. IBM leased this machine for $35, 000 a year.