Complementary Subjective and Objective Infinitives Marsh Latin II

Complementary, Subjective and Objective Infinitives Marsh. Latin. II. wordpress. com

Complementary Infinitives �A complementary infinitive is one that works in conjunction with a modal verb (one that requires an infinitive to create a complete thought). �Examples include: �possum "be able (to)", "can" �audeo "dare (to)" �soleo "is accustomed (to)"

Occasional Complements �Here are some verbs that sometimes pattern with complementary infinitives (but sometimes do not take complementary infinitives): �cupio "desire (to)" �debeo "ought (to)", "must" �volo "want (to)", "wish (to)"

Complementary Infinitives in a Sentence �Here are some examples of complementary infinitives: �Furem fur cognoscere potest �"a thief is able to recognize a thief" �Canis cenam edere vult �"the dog wants to eat his dinner".

Subjective Infinitives �serve as the subject of another verb. �You have seen this most frequently with the phrase necesse est, �necesse is a neuter singular adjective. �You have also seen the subjective infinitive with licet and in a variety of other expression with forms of sum and neuter singular adjectives:

Examples �Necesse est Cornëliö ad Cüriam ïre. �It is necessary for Cornelius to go to the Senate House. �Perïculösum est prope arënam sedëre. �It is dangerous to sit near the track. �OR: Sitting near the track is dangerous. �Erräre est hümänum. �To err is human.

Objective Infinitive �An objective infinitive serves as the direct object of another verb. �You have seen this use with the verbs iubëre and vetäre. �Such infinitives always have an expressed accusative subject, which may be some other noun or pronoun �Or, if they reflect the subject of themain verb, a reflexive pronoun:

Examples �Caupö servös adiuväre iubet. �The innkeeper orders his servants to help. �Cornëlius puerös exïre vetuit. �Cornelius forbade the boys to go out.