COMPARING THE COLONIES How were three colonial regions

COMPARING THE COLONIES How were three colonial regions alike and different?

7. 1 Introduction More colonies in North America � Along the Atlantic coast 1707 Great Britain � England + Wales + Scotland � Mid-1700 s Great Britain had 13 colonies 3 regions � New England Colonies � Middle Colonies � Southern Colonies

7. 1 Introduction Geographic Features � Landforms, Economies � Based on local products and services Government � Levels natural resources, and climate of democracy Looking at Reason for Founding, Geography, Economy, Government

7. 2 The New England, Middle, and Southern Colonial Regions New England � Reasons for Founding � Rocky soil, dense forests, natural harbors Economy � Religion Geography � Massachusetts Bay, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut Small farms, lumbering, fishing, shipbuilding, trade Government � More democratic than most countries in Europe Voting-puritan men> men who owned land

7. 2 The New England, Middle, and Southern Colonial Regions Middle � New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware Reason for Founding � Various Europeans were attracted to the strong economy Geography � Rich soil Economy � Farming and selling livestock and crops Government � Various governmental forms

7. 2 The New England, Middle, and Southern Colonial Regions Southern � Maryland, Georgia Reason for Founding � Rich Britains came to farm cash crops Geography � Rich soil, good farming climate Economy � Cash Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, crops Government � Governor, rich men, Britain’s king

7. 3 Massachusetts Bay: New England Colony Puritans wanted to leave the Church of England � Pilgrims 1620 � John Winthrop led another group to Massachusetts 1630 Practice religion freely Rocky soil and harsh winters � Dense forests and clean water � Winter cold killed insects and germs

7. 3 Massachusetts Bay: New England Colony Industries � Small farms (animals and crops) � Lumber (houses and ships) � Fishing and whaling Democratic Government � Over time voting went from only Puritan men to mean who owned land � Town meetings for local problems � Majority rule � Settlers elected representatives � John Winthrop governor 12 times from 1630 -1649

7. 4 Rhode Island: Middle Colony Founded on religious freedom � 1631 Roger Williams (minister) criticized leadership in Massachusetts Bay Separate church and state Forced to leave colony Spent winter with American Indians � Started a town, Providence � Beginning of Rhode Island Welcoming different religious beliefs

7. 4 Rhode Island: Middle Colony Anne Hutchinson � Spoke against Puritan beliefs in Mass. Bay � Put on trial Forced to leave Moved to Rhode Island Geography � Rivers allowed for fishing, trading and travel � Trapped and traded animal furs � Forests for timber � South held rich soil

7. 4 Rhode Island: Middle Colony Economy � Farms raised livestock, grew apples, corn, onions, flax � Traded wool, rum, flax to England West Indies � Rich from slave trade Few in Rhode Island owned slaves Most democratic colony � Most men could vote Over time only men owning land Religion did not matter

7. 5 New York: Middle Colony Originally settled by people from the Netherlands (Holland) � Dutch came for fur-trading British wanted the land to expand westward � 1664 British took over the colony England’s king gave it to the Duke of York Good place to settle � Harbor, rivers, valleys, iron � Cold winters, humid summers Long growing season

7. 5 New York: Middle Colony Economy � Good jobs in various industries Farmers, miners, lumbermen, sailors, trappers, merchants Slaves and indentured servants Government � Colonists had little power � Governors elected by Britain’s king Governor appointed other officials

7. 6 Pennsylvania: Middle Colony William Penn was given land in North America � Quakers were able to live here freely � All religious beliefs were welcome � Native Americans were also treated respectfully slavery Geography � Delaware Rivers River Valley = farming allowed for transportation � Forests, coal, iron, copper � Winters were cold

7. 6 Pennsylvania: Middle Colony Economy � Jobs in various industries Various farmers Merchants, miners, lumbermen Government � Penn King appointed governor approved � General Men Assembly who owned land voted for members of Assembly � Assembly eventually gained power to write laws

7. 7 Maryland: Southern Colony Cecilius Calvert (aka Lord Baltimore) � English nobleman � Started Maryland in 1634 � Wanted to make money and safe place for Catholics Geography � Good for planting and selling tobacco � Chesapeake Bay trade route � Mosquitoes spread diseases

7. 7 Maryland: Southern Colony Economy � Most worked on small farms Crop or meat � Lumbering, shipping, fishing, slave trading � Plantations Government � Colonists had little power � Leonard Calvert made governor Eventually created an Assembly White men with land Passed laws to protect Catholics

7. 8 Georgia: Southern Colony Reason for Founding � British wanted to keep Spanish from moving North � Wealthy wanted to keep poor out of prison Send debtors to Georgia Geography � Ideal for growing crops Farming � Winters was a key industry were mild, summers hot & humid � Grew indigo, rice, tobacco, cotton � South was swamp

7. 8 Georgia: Southern Colony Economy � Farming � Lumbermen in north � Trading with Native Americans Government � Started with only rich men who started the colony Created laws Did not allow slavery � Gave control to Britian’s king White male voters elected an assembly King could overturn any law New laws made slavery legal