Community Interactions EQ What are the different types

Community Interactions EQ: What are the different types of relationships among organisms?

• Habitat – where an organism lives • Niche – an organism’s specific role in its environment Ex. Place in food web

Types of Community Interactions 1. Competition 2. Predation 3. Symbiosis 1. Mutualism 2. Commensalism 3. Parasitism

Competition • Occurs when members of the same or different species compete for the same resource (Food, water, shelter, space, mates)

Predation • An interaction when one organism captures & feeds on another (Predator/Prey)

Symbiosis • Any relationship where 2 sp. Live closely together • Types of Symbiosis: –Mutualism –Commensalism –Parasitism

Commensalisms Mutualism Parasitism

Mutualism • Both sp. Benefit • EX: Flowers & Insects • Gobi + shrimp

Commensalism • One sp. Benefits, and the other is unaffected • EX: barnacles on a whale

Parasitism • One organism lives on or inside another and harms it • EX: Fleas on pets, tape worm

Ecological Succession • Ecosystems are constantly changing in response to natural and human disturbances

• As an ecosystem changes, older inhabitants gradually die out and new organisms move in, causing further changes in the ecosystem

Primary Succession • Occurs on surfaces where no soil exists such as after volcanic eruptions, or on bare rock when glaciers melt. • The first species to populate the area are called pioneer species such as lichen

Secondary Succession • Occurs after a disturbance changes the existing community without destroying the soil.

Occurs when land cleared and plowed for farming is abandoned

Occurs when there are wildfires that burn woodlands