Communication Components of Communication Context Sender Encoder Message

Communication

Components of Communication • • • Context Sender (Encoder) Message Channel Receiver (Decoder)

Process of Communication

Process of Communication • • • Stimulus Ideation Encoding Transmission Decoding Feedback

Channels of Communication Non-verbal Verbal Appearance Movement of Body Postures Gestures Facial Expressions Eye-contact Touch Smell Written symbols (Written) Uttered sounds (Oral)

Elements of Communication • Verbal Language • Paralanguage • Body language

Types of Communication Depending on the Elements of Communication • Face to Face Communication • Telephonic Conversation • Written Communication

Business Communication

Levels in Business Organizations Super-ordinates Co-ordinates Sub-ordinates

Flow of Communication within an organization 1 - Horizontal Communication 2 - Vertical Communication i- Upward ii- Downward 3 - Diagonal Communication

Horizontal Communication • Takes place between the colleagues (at the same level) Examples: i- Face-to-face discussions ii-Telephonic talks iii-Periodical meetings

Vertical Communication • Takes place between: super-ordinates and sub-ordinates i- Upward (from lower level to higher) Examples: Social gatherings, reports, applications, suggestions ii- Downward (from higher to lower) Examples: Orders, Circulars, Policy statements

Diagonal Communication • Takes place across different levels of an organization between the people who may not have a direct reporting relationship Examples: i- General notices ii- Informal meetings iii- Formal conferences