Communicating technology Presentations Organizaition Topic Purpose Beginning and

Communicating technology Presentations: • Organizaition • Topic + Purpose • Beginning and ending your presentation LC-1114 Communicating technology

All presentations should include 1. Introduction …grabs your audience’s attention and presents topic and purpose 2. Body …amplifies your main points (develops your thesis) 3. Conclusion …reinforces your message and brings your speech to a close

Introduction, body and conclusion CAPTURE ATTENTION ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY STATE PURPOSE INTRODUCTION PREVIEW MAIN POINTS Main point 1 • Sub-point • Sub point Main point 2 • Sub point Main point 3 BODY • Sub point SIGNAL THE CLOSE SUMMARIZE MAIN POINTS RETURN TO THEME OF INTRODUCTION OFFER RESOURCES FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONCLUSION

Introduction, body and conclusion CAPTURE ATTENTION About 10 -15% ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY STATE PURPOSE INTRODUCTION PREVIEW MAIN POINTS Main point 1 • Sub-point • Sub point Main point 2 • Sub point Main point 3 BODY • Sub point SIGNAL THE CLOSE SUMMARIZE MAIN POINTS RETURN TO THEME OF INTRODUCTION OFFER RESOURCES FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONCLUSION

THE INTRODUCTION 1: 2: 3: 4: Capture your audience's attention Establish credibility State your topic and purpose Preview your presentation (overview of structure) + Preview 1 st main point

What is your topic? • What is your topic and what do you wish to achieve (i. e. what do you want to enable your audience to understand, do or do better? • Why should I care? Would this make something possible or easier for me or you? • If it didn’t exist or stopped working, how would it show in things you might need or want to do?

1: CAPTURE ATTENTION 1. Begin with a story (anecdote) A presentation about cloning might begin this way: Missy, an eleven‑year‑old collie‑husky mix, recently boarded an aircraft bound for College Station, Texas, where she’ll make pet history. Based on messages sent across the Internet, Missy's owners located scientists who were willing to make their favorite dog the first pet ever to be cloned.

1: CAPTURE ATTENTION 2. Refer to a recent event Not so long ago, we all watched in horror how the towns, infrastructure, and even nuclear plants on the eastern coast of Japan was devastated by an earthquake and tsunami of unprecedented force. Start with “familiar” to introduce “New” Could the destruction have been avoided, or at least diminished, if the potential forces of an earthquake had been considered already in the structural design of the buildings?

1: CAPTURE ATTENTION 3. Connect with something your audience knows or cares about Should cloning be available on a payper‑pet basis? Researchers at one Ethicaluniversity questions of concern seem to say "yes. " to this. Recently, audiencean anonymous couple donated $2. 3 million to a Texas university to have their collie‑husky mix, Missy, cloned into several new Missy pups.

1: CAPTURE ATTENTION 4. Ask rhetorical questions - questions your audience would ask - about items they might not understand or that are controversial. Should cloning be available on a pay‑per‑pet basis? Or should the government be more closely regulating this new technique?

1: CAPTURE ATTENTION 5. Make a startling statement We have all probably felt frustrated sometimes by the time spent on dealing with spam and unnecessary emails. Well, it is not only frustrating, Statistics, it is also costing money. One figures, estimate picture… suggests that U. S. organizations may actually be losing up to $7, 000 in annual productivity per user because of poorly written communication. (Tim Pisello, ITBusiness. Edge. com, 12/2008)

1: CAPTURE ATTENTION 6. Create suspense or dissonance DISSONANCE: A feeling that things are just a bit unsettled… Leaves you wishing for a happy ending…. We used the patient's own tumor cells to prepare a vaccine, and on Monday morning we injected the patient with the preparation, but by Friday the vaccine had not shown any effect on the tumors growing in so many of his organs.

1: CAPTURE ATTENTION 7. Put your audience at ease with humor 8. Use a quotation or familiar phrase Which strategy would you use?

2: ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY Who are you? Introduce yourself briefly On your title slide as well! - Your name - Major subject - University and school

3: STATE TOPIC AND PURPOSE Declare what your speach is about and what you want to accomplish. What have your topic and purpose to do with the attention-capturing ideas?

4: PREVIEW YOUR TALK Tell what you are going to tell them -> describe the structure of the presentation “First, I’ll…Second, we’ll take a look at…”

What else…? Preview your first main point “So, let’s start by…”

Friction stir welding 1 capture attention 11………[A]…. … Many of you Air France flight 447 Air may remember that crashed while on a France flightunexpectedly 447 that crashed routine flight from Brazil the flight south unexpectedly while on aover routine 2 It was a tragic waste of life 2 Atlantic. from Brazil over the south Atlantic. It and a disaster economic waswas a tragic waste of of huge life and was a 3 proportions for Aireconomic France. proportions Unlike disaster of huge many accidents, this was not 3 Unlike many for Airsimilar France. similar due to human but due caused by accidents, thiserror, was not to human faults thecaused welding error, inbut byprocess faults injoining the aluminum sheeting the aircraft. welding process joiningon the aluminum 4 These faults could have 4 been easily sheeting on the aircraft. These faults avoided hadbeen the manufacturer used could have easily avoided hada new welding method - Friction Stir the manufacturer used a new welding Welding. method - Friction Stir Welding.

Friction stir welding 2 Establish credibility 3 State topic and purpose 5 My My nameisis Tero Teekari, and I'm a a graduate student at Aalto University, currently concluding my studies in Mechanical Engineering. 6………[B]…. … Today, I would Stir like. Welding, to tell a you Friction newabout technique that not Stir only Welding, overcomes a new technique these problems that not but also only decreases overcomescosts thesewhile problems increasing but also the strength decreases and costs reliability while of increasing the weld. the strength and reliability of the weld.

Friction stir welding 4 Preview the presentation 77 I my ………[C]…. …. I have divided 8………[D]…. … my talk into Indicate transition to the first main point how 88 First, three ………[D]…. … we’ll look how at three parts. First, we’ll look at this newparts. methods actually works, some this how this methods actually works, some of how itsnew applications, thisnew newmethods as well actually as some works, examples. ………[E]…. … the of some its applications, of as wellas aswell some as some ofits 9 applications, as well as 9………[E]…. … 99 Next, examples. some ………[E]…. … I’ll the describe the someexamples. Next, I’ll describe parameters that must be met in order 10………[F]…. … to use this technique. parameters the parameters that must be met be in order inin the parameters thatmust bemet 10………[F]…. … 10 10 Finally, to order use to this use technique. this technique. order to use thisand technique. Finally, the advantages disadvantages of 10 we’ll ………[F]…. … examine the advantages we’ll examine the advantagesand the advantages and disadvantages of using the FSW method. 11………[G]…. … what is FSW and using disadvantages the FSW of method. disadvantages ofusingthe the. FSW 11 method. ………[G]…. … FSW whatand is FSW method. Right, let’sis start by how does 1111 it………[G]…. … work? what taking aitlook at what is FSW and how does work? it work? how does it work?

Mirror images: Conclusion & Introduction CAPTURE ATTENTION ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY INTRODUCTION STATE PURPOSE PREVIEW MAIN POINTS Main point 1 • Sub-point • Sub point Main point 2 • Sub point Main point 3 • Sub point BODY Signal conclusion RECOMMEND one option Summarize arguments: consequences and benefits RETURN TO THE PROBLEM and describe a brighter tomorrow. CONCLUSION

THE CONCLUSION 1: Signal the close 2: Restate your key message (recommend one option? ) and summarise your main arguments. 3: Return to the problem/theme of the introduction (i. e. the ‘problem’? ) 4: Offer sources for further information and encourage questions Do not introduce new ideas!

THE CONCLUSION Why are conclusions important? • People remember the last part best - make it positively memorable! • Opportunity to reach your audience one last time (last chance to remind your audience why they have been listening to you) • A successful conclusion creates a feeling of completion.

1: SIGNAL THE CLOSE Alert listeners that your talk is coming to an end. § Transition statement (e. g. , In summary, To sum up) § Vary your voice (e. g. , speed, tone, pitch, rhythm).

2: SUMMARISE MAIN ARGUMENTS • Re-visit each main topic: your audience can mentally check off what they’ve heard during the speech. • Not mechanical repetition of the main points: paraphrase.

2: SUMMARISE MAIN ARGUMENTS So, what we have learnt today is that motes, also called the sensor node, is the building block of sensor networks. Secondly, motes can be used in many applications, often referred to as ‘smart spaces’. Finally, you have also learned that Phidgets can be used to build your own smart systems.

3: RETURN TO THEME OF THE INTRO Right, so, returning now to that 32 -km Donghai Bridge. In the future, we will be able to overcome the problem of monitoring the physical condition of bridges such as this one by using motes. .

4: OFFER SOURCES FOR FURTHER INFO AND INVITE QUESTIONS Here a few links that could be interesting if you want to deeper into this topic. And now I’d be glad to answer any questions that you might have.

Friction stir welding ………[H]…. … all this, ………[I]…. … to to summarize all this, what we we is that FSW is a process that does not melt have that FSW is a is thatlearned FSW is a today processis that does not melt have learned today is that FSW is a 64 the metal. It can be used for applications 64 64 the metal. can be process that not melt the metal. process that. Itdoes notused melt for theapplications metal. 64 It It can where the original metal characteristics must where the metal where characteristics must be for applications the be used fororiginal applications where the original 65 remain unchanged far possible. 65 You remain unchanged as asmust far as as possible. You metal remain unchanged metal characteristics must remain unchanged ………[J]…. … that the of 65 ………[J]…. … that the precision of this that as have also 65 You as far as as possible. You ………[J]…. … method is dependent on speed, tilt, learned of dependent this method is that dependent on rotation speed, tilt, the precision ofthe thisprecision method is on 66 and plunge depth of the tool. Therefore, tool and plunge depth thespeed, tool. 66 tilt, Therefore, dependent on rotation andofplunge rotation speed, tilt, ofand plunge depth thetool design is also a important consideration. 66 Therefore, design isthe also a very important consideration. depth tool 66 of tool. Therefore, tool design is alsodesign a veryis 67 ………[K]…. … although exit 67 Finally, ………[K]…. … although an an exit also a veryconsideration. important consideration. 67 Finally, important hole is the is withdrawn, this is ………[K]…. … we found out thattool although an anhole exit hole is left when the tool isan withdrawn, this ………[K]…. … although exit is leftisis outweighed by theissuperior mechanical outweighed by superior mechanical left when tool withdrawn, this is when the tool isthe withdrawn, this is outweighed properties, improved safety, and properties, improved safety, properties, and the low outweighed by the superior mechanical environmental impact of … environmental impact of FSW. …the low properties, improved safety, and safety, the lowand environmental of FSW. … impact of FSW. impact … 63 63 So, So,

Friction stir welding 68 68 As As we we have seen today, FSW ………[L]…. … provides/offers a better a ………[M]…. … solution for for provides/offers a better ………[M]…. … welding aluminum alloys, since itit ………[N]…. … enables/allows // us to to overcome many of ………[N]…. … youyou us/ us to overcome many of the of ………[O]…. … drawbacks/problems of of traditional of Fusion traditional Fusion thethe ………[O]…. … of traditional Fusion 69 69 FSW requires welding Fusion techniques. 69 FSW welding techniques. FSW requires significantly fewer process elements to to control, FSW ensures higher joint strength and increased safety, and FSW requires no no addition of of filler or or other consumables as as do do 70 other fusion welding techniques. 70 Additionally, FSW also exhibits superior weld strength and fatigue life compared to to traditional welding methods.

Friction stir welding 71 Returning ………[P]…. … nowthat to ill-fated that ill-fated Air France Air flight 447 France flight that 447 crashed that crashed over theover Atlantic. the 72 In the ………[Q]…. … Atlantic. ………[Q]…. … , by future, using by the, using FSW by using the welding FSW the method, FSW welding method, we can method, ………[R]…. … we can weensure ………[R]…. … can ………[R]…. … thatsuch that such tragic events willevents bewill farbe less willfarbe likely less far likely less to occur, likely to to occur, and that and future that aircraft future aircraft will notwill only not beonly safer be safermore and more reliable, but that butthey thatwill they also willbe also be cheaper to manufacture.

Friction stir welding any of you ………[S]…. … deeper into this any of of you wish to to dig deeper into this ………[T]…. …, here are some links that ………[T]…. … here subject/topic, , 74 here are some links that could be helpful. Right, ………[U]…. … to 74 could to could be be helpful. 74 Right, ………[U]…. … I’d now be happy to answer any questions that you might have. answer to answer any questions that youyou might have. 73 73 If 73 If If

Introduction, body and conclusion CAPTURE ATTENTION ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY STATE PURPOSE INTRODUCTION PREVIEW MAIN POINTS Main point 1 • Sub-point • Sub point Main point 2 • Sub point Main point 3 BODY • Sub point SIGNAL THE CLOSE Follow the KISS principle ! SUMMARIZE MAIN POINTS RETURN TO PROBLEM/THEME OF INTRODUCTION INVITE QUESTIONS CONCLUSION

Introduction, body and conclusion CAPTURE ATTENTION ESTABLISH CREDIBILITY STATE PURPOSE INTRODUCTION PREVIEW MAIN POINTS Main point 1 About 80% • Sub-point • Sub point Main point 2 • Sub point Main point 3 BODY • Sub point SIGNAL THE CLOSE SUMMARIZE MAIN POINTS RETURN TO THEME OF INTRODUCTION OFFER RESOURCES FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONCLUSION

Pick a topic and angle for a improve presentation (3 -4 s’s) • (5 minutes) Choose one of following topics, decide your angle (problem solution) and why are credible speakers (make it up) before developing your presentation. You can use the example topic below if you like. Example: You are the founders of Hesburger (credibility). The company is losing money as more customers are opting for plant based foods (problem). You will show the audience, a group of shareholders, that this can be turned around by switching to a plant based patty which actually tastes good (solution). Presenting: the Plant-patty (description of the solution) --Possible topics: travel, coffee cups, plastic packaging, pets, a better spaghetti, Aalto schedule, public transport, etc.

Prepare for improv (unscripted) presentation: 15 min In groups of 3 -4, develop a mini, improv presentation (1 -2 minutes) which includes all elements of a presentation (no writing, just discussion): • Introduction (hook the audience, build credibility, tell us both the purpose of your presentation as well as what you will talk about). • Body (Here you talk about what you just said you would talk about…and in the same order) • Conclusion (wrap it up! Remind us what you just talked about, briefly, and add a memorable statement at the end). • The purpose of this exercise is form, not content, so focus on keeping your audiences attention and staying organized.

• Presenters: Choose one representative from your group and send them to another group to present (no notes!) • Audience members: after the presentation, provide feedback for your presenter based on how well they captured your attention, how organized their presentation was, how well they wrapped up the presentation, how well their topic and purpose matched the body of their presentation, were they ‘credible’

See you next week! -