Communicating in the Digital Age Chapter Twelve Mc

Communicating in the Digital Age Chapter Twelve Mc. Graw-Hill/Irwin © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2012 by The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

After reading the material in this chapter, you should be able to: LO 12. 1 Describe the perceptual process model of communication LO 12. 2 Describe the process, personal, Physical, and semantic barriers to effective communication LO 12. 3 Contrast the communication styles of assertiveness, aggressiveness, and nonassertiveness LO 12. 4 Discuss the primary sources of nonverbal communication 12 -2

After reading the material in this chapter, you should be able to: LO 12. 5 Review the five dominant listening styles and 10 keys to effective listening LO 12. 6 Discuss the impact of information communication technologies (ICT) on productivity LO 12. 7 Describe the challenges of managing teleworkers, and the advantages and concerns associated with social media at media 12 -3

Basic Dimensions of the Communication Process Communication 9 the exchange of information between a sender and receiver and the inference (perception) of meaning between the individuals involved 12 -4

Communication Process in Action 12 -5

A Perceptual Model of Communication Sender 9 person wanting to communicate information-the message Receiver 9 person, group, or organization for whom the message is intended Encoding 9 translates thoughts into code or language that can be understood by others 12 -6

Question? Alexa is informing her subordinates that the expense reimbursement policy for travel has been significantly modified. Alexa would be considered which of these? A. B. C. D. Decoder Medium Sender Noise 12 -7

A Perceptual Model of Communication Selecting a Medium 9 depends on the nature of the message, its intended purpose, type of audience, proximity to the audience, time horizon for disseminating the message, personal preferences, and the complexity of the problem/situation at hand 12 -8

A Perceptual Model of Communication Decoding 9 occurs when receivers receive a message 9 process of interpreting and making sense of a message Feedback 9 receives expresses a reaction to the sender’s message 12 -9

A Perceptual Model of Communication Noise 9 interference with the transmission and understanding of a message 12 -10

Communication Barriers within the Communication Process 12 -11

Barriers to Effective Communication 1. Personal barriers 9 any individual attribute that hinders communication 2. Physical barriers 3. Semantic barriers 12 -12

Personal Barriers 1. Variable skills in communicating effectively 2. Variations in how information is processed and interpreted 3. Variations in interpersonal trust 4. Stereotypes and prejudices 5. Big egos 12 -13

Personal Barriers (cont. ) 6. Poor listening skills 7. Natural tendency to evaluate other’s messages 8. Inability to listen with understanding 9. Nonverbal communication 12 -14

Physical Barriers Time zone differences Telephone-line static Distance from others Crashed computers Office design 12 -15

Question? Laura works at an office with low-walled cubicles. There is often a lot of background noise and Laura has trouble hearing clients on the phone. This is an example of a ____ barrier. A. B. C. D. Process Physical Personal Semantic 12 -16

Barriers to Effective Communication Semantics 9 study of words Semantic barriers 9 problems with language in communication 9 fueled by the growing trend to outsource customer service operations to foreign countries like India 12 -17

Barriers to Effective Communication Jargon 9 represents language or terminology that is specific to a particular profession, group, or company 12 -18

Interpersonal Communication competence 9 performance-based index of an individual’s abilities to effectively use communication behaviors in a given context 12 -19

Communication Competence Affects Upward Mobility 12 -20

Assertiveness, Aggressiveness, and Nonassertiveness Assertive style 9 expressive and self-enhancing, but does not take advantage of others. Aggressive style 9 expressive and self-enhancing, but takes unfair advantage of others Nonassertive style 9 timid and self-denying behavior. 12 -21

Question? Sunil has an expressive and self-enhancing communication style, which is based on the notion that it is not right or good to violate our own or others' basic human rights. Sunil can be described as having which of these styles? A. Aggressive B. Nonassertive C. Nonverbal D. Assertive 12 -22

Communication Styles 12 -23

Sources of Nonverbal Communication 9 any message, sent or received independent of the written or spoken word 9 includes such factors as use of time and space, distance between persons when conversing, use of color, dress, walking behavior, standing, positioning, seating arrangement, office locations and furnishings. 12 -24

Sources of Nonverbal Communication Body movement and gestures Touch Facial expression Eye contact 12 -25

Question? Travis was in a meeting with his supervisor regarding sales analysis. Travis had his arms folded and legs crossed. Travis's nonverbal behavior communicated which of these? A. B. C. D. Semantics Defensiveness Aggressiveness Immediacy 12 -26

Active Listening 9 Process of actively decoding and interpreting verbal messages. 12 -27

Listening Styles Appreciative 9 listens for pleasure, entertainment, or inspiration Empathetic 9 interprets messages by focusing on emotions and body language 12 -28

Question? Dr. Philip interprets messages by focusing on emotions and body language. His listening style can be described as _____. A. B. C. D. Appreciative Empathetic Discerning Evaluative 12 -29

Listening Styles Comprehensive 9 organizes specific thoughts and actions and integrates this information by focusing on relationships among ideas 12 -30

Listening Styles Discerning 9 attempt to understand the main message and determine important points Evaluative 9 listen analytically and continually formulate arguments and challenges to what is being said 12 -31

The Keys to Effective Listening 12 -32

Managing Teleworkers 9 People who fulfill some portion of typically office -based job responsibilities outside the office via ICT 9 also known as telecommuters and distributed workers 12 -33

Managing Teleworkers Gatekeeping Monitoring Work-life boundary management Social integration Work group culture 12 -34

E-Mail: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Suggestions for Managing It 12 -35

Social Media at Work Social media 9 uses Internet-based and mobile technologies to generate interactive dialogue with members of a network. 12 -36

Motives that Affect Participation in Social Networking Community membership 9 benefits of belonging to a group Friendship connections 9 efficiently interacting with friends Information value 9 access to the knowledge and experience of others 12 -37

Motives that Affect Participation in Social Networking Participation confidence 9 fear of looking bad to a large number of people Participation concerns 9 privacy and being scammed 12 -38

Company Requirements for Social Media 1. Establish a no privacy policy 2. Maintain boundaries between personal and professional 3. Monitor the Internet 12 -39

Video: A Week Without Technology: Could You Do It? What business processes are affected by the presence or lack of technology? Is it possible for a company to be competitive today without technology? How is the perceptual model of communication different when technology is used than if it were not? Which types of communication barriers might be different? How are the non-verbal aspects of communication affected by technology? How would you do in Dennis’s situation - could you have lasted the full week? 12 -40