Communicating For Result A Canadian Students Guide Carolyn

Communicating For Result: A Canadian Student’s Guide Carolyn Meyer. Chapter 2. Getting Started: Planning and Writting Business Messages

Introduction of Speakers: • Gregory Chivers Harris • Dane Leahy • Korotoumou Aida Sidibé • Ruiqi Huang • Tara Maritzer

Clothing and Posters • Khan Academy https: //www. khanacademy. org/test-prep/sat-readingwriting-practice • You. Tube https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=wg 9 SAW 4 Wji. U https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Gk. Qn 76 -8 Mv. M

The Four Key Concepts to Writing in Context. Discourse communities: • A forum • Exchange of information • Common interests and public goal • Genre development • Jaron • Expertise

The Four Key Concepts to Writing in Contextual factors: • Emerges in response to – Feelings – Knowledge – Beliefs • Shapes the tone and environment for information.

The Four Key Concepts to Writing in Context Genre • Commonly accepted forms of communicating • Tools for certain situations Rhetorical situations • Exigence • Audience • Constraints

Prewriting • Why are you writing the document? • What does your document need to include? • Who are you writing for ? • What do you know about your receiver?

Prewriting Contend • How are you going to communicate with your receiver? • Methods to generate content

Drafting concept • Draft: Initial version of a paper. • Necessary step of the process of writing. • Refine your draft by making corrections later on.

’’Writer’s Block’’ challenges • Writer’s block: – Momentary incapability of a person to write opinions – Reason: a lack of creativeness • It does not persist over a longtime • Can come up at any moment, whenever it is expected or not.

Tips to overcome Writer’s Block: • Beginning as soon as possible • Using a computer to draft • Expressing ideas orally • Skip Over • Observing a Pause • Freewriting • Keep practicing

‘’Writing Under Pressure’’ Challenges • Writing Under pressure : – Capability to produce a document in a minimum amount of time. • Document has to meet some specific criteria and, • have to be written without errors.

Tips to be write effectively under pressure: • Allotting the right amount of time to each task • Staying focused • Using effectively the word-processing software • Planning the structure in a few seconds • Keeping readers in mind • Going with the flow • Reviewing and editing

Revising and Editing • Revising : Analysis and modification of the draft of a document. • Goal: Get the final and polished version of the document. • Tasks: – Adding, deleting, reorganizing, replacing words, sentences or, paragraphs.

Revising and Editing • Editing : Refinement of the reviewed version of the document. • Final modifications and alterations determine the quality of a paper.

Revising process basic strategies: • Work from a paper copy of your draft • Reduce your reading speed • Look at your document from the reader’s perspective. • Make several passes over the draft • Read your draft aloud: • Use-spell and grammar checkers, but respect their limitation

Revising and Editing Read-through process requirements : => 3 Steps

Message Planning Three tips for Message Planning: • Purpose-driven. Always remember the purpose of your presentation. • Audience-focused. Always communicate with your audience. • Concise. Always keep to the point.

Three vital steps in effective communications planning • “Assess the Situation” this is related to purposedriven. • “Identify and Know Your Audiences” this is related to audience-focused. • “Craft Your Messages” this is related to concise.

“Assess the Situation” • Define the problem you are trying to address. • Assess the situation. • Define your goals.

“Identify and Know Your Audiences” • Identify your target audiences. • Address your audience priorities.

“Craft Your Messages” • Define your main points. • Translate main points into key messages.

Organizing and Outlining • Sequential development • Chronological development • General-to-specific development • Cause-and-effect development

Collaborative Writing • Definition of collaborative writing • ‘’ 85% of […] documents produced […] had at least two authors’’ • Why?

Collaborative Writing • How? • Two primary methods of virtual collaboration: – Distributed cognition – The locales framework

Prizes

Case Study

Key points to remember for this chapter • Show the environment of words, contextual factors are helpful. • Properly define genre in writing. Discourse communities enable forums amongst those with a common interest. • Rhetorical situations, persuade an audience to make a difference • Begin the writing process by identifying the audience, scope, purpose, medium or channel and use content generating methods. • Means one should organize and outline their writing. Through logic one can persuade their audience.

Key Points to remember for this chapter • Start early and practice to overcome writers block. • Successfully write through revising and editing, by allocating time judiciously. • Focus on your audiences needs and wants to fulfill their needs. • The methods of collaborative writing are Sequential Integrating writing, Sequential Single Writing, Parallel Simultaneous Writing, Reactive Integrating Writing. • To reduce pressure, minimize distractions and plan the structure to meet a time line.

Bibliography • Meyer, C. (2014). Communicating for Results: A Canadian Student's Guide (3 ed. ). Don Mills, Ontario, Canada: Oxford University Press Canada. • Sylvie Noël and Jean-Marc Robert. "How the Web Is Used to Support Collaborative Writing. " Behaviour & Information Technology 22. 4 (2003): 245 -62. Web. • Killings, M. (1992). Discourse communities: Local and global. Rhetoric Review, Vol. 11, No. 1, Vol. 11(No. 1), 110 -122. • Medway, P. (n. d. ). Genre in the new rhetoric (A. Freedman, Ed. ). • Baldwin, D. (1978). Introducing Rhetoric in Remedial Writing-Courses. National Council of Teachers of English, Vol. 29(No. 4), 392 -394.