COMMON COMPOUNDS WHAT ARE THEY AND WHERE ARE

COMMON COMPOUNDS WHAT ARE THEY AND WHERE ARE THEY FOUND?

ELEMENTS VS. COMPOUNDS • An element is a substance that is made of one or more of the same atoms. • Hydrogen (H), Helium (He), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Sodium (Na), Chlorine (Cl), Silicon (Si), Aluminum (Al), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Nickel (Ni), Magnesium (Mg), Uranium (U), etc. • A compound is a substance that is made of two or more elements combined in a specific pattern.

WATER • H 2 O • 2 Hydrogen (H) • 1 Oxygen (O) O H H

• Most abundant compound on Earth! • Over 3/4 ths of the planet’s surface is covered by this. • It exists as a solid, liquid & gas!

SODIUM CHLORIDE • Na. Cl • 1 Sodium (Na) • 1 Chlorine (Cl) Na Cl

• Responsible for the saltiness of the seas. • Used on food & in some swimming pools.

METHANE • CH 4 H • 1 Carbon • 4 Hydrogen H C H H

• It enters the atmosphere when fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) are burned. • We exhale this and plants take it in.

AMMONIA • NH 3 • 1 Nitrogen (N) • 3 Hydrogen (H) N H H H

• This is a colorless, sticky gas. • It is used in fertilizers for growing plants, but it can also be in the atmospheres of planets.

CARBON DIOXIDE • CO 2 • 1 Carbon (C) • 2 Oxygen (O) C O O

• This traps heat in our atmosphere, causing increases in temperature. • This is the main component in natural gas. • It can be used as a fuel.