Common Chronic and Acute Conditions CHAPTER 18 Learning

Common Chronic and Acute Conditions CHAPTER 18

Learning Objectives • • Describe common diseases and disorders of the following systems: • Integumentary • Musculoskeletal • Nervous • Circulatory • Respiratory • Endocrine • Reproductive • Immune and lymphatic Identify community resources for residents who are ill

Acute Chronic Integumentary Scabies Shingles Open Wound Dermatitis Fungal Infection Closed Wound

Musculoskeletal Arthritis • Osteoarthritis • Rheumatoid arthritis Hip or Knee Replacement Fracture Osteoporosis Muscular Dystrophy • Closed • Open Amputation • Phantom sensation

Nervous Stroke (CVA) • Mild or severe Parkinsons’s • Progressive and incurable Multiple Sclerosis (MS) • Progressive Head/Spinal Cord Injury • Location of injury impacts severity Epilepsy • Repeated seizures Visual impairment • Varies in severity

Circulatory Hypertension • Blood pressure consistently 140/90 or higher Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) • Blood vessels narrow Angina pectoris Myocardial Infarction (MI) • Blood flow to heart is blocked Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) • One or both sides of the heart stop pumping blood effectively Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) • Decreased blood circulation to the extremities skills video

Respiratory COPD Asthma Bronchiectasis URI Lung Cancer Tuberculosis (TB) • Chronic, progressive, incurable disease • Chronic inflammatory disease • Abnormally enlarged bronchial tubes • Common cold – usually viral • Growth of abnormal cells or tumors in lungs • HIGHLY contagious if active

Endocrine Type 1 Type 2 • Pancreas does not produce insulin • Usually diagnosed in children and young adults – continuing throughout life • Most common form • Body does not produce enough insulin or fails to use insulin properly Hyperthyroidism Care guidelines Diabetes Pre-diabetes Gestational diabetes • When glucose levels are elevated, but not high enough for Type 2 diagnosis • Appears in pregnancy • Regulate carbs • Consistent meal times • Regular exercise • Monitor glucose levels • Proper foot care Hypothyroidism

Reproductive STI Men Women • Chlamydia • Syphilis • Gonorrhea • Genital herpes • Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) • Vaginitis

Immune and Lymphatic HIV AIDS Cancer Attacks immune system and disables it Final stage of HIV infection Abnormal cell growth Transmitted by sexual contact, blood, infected needs, or mother to fetus Infections, tumors, and CNS symptoms appear Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Complementary medicine Alternative medicine SUPPORT judge

Review • • Common disease and disorders • Integumentary • Musculoskeletal • Nervous • Circulatory • Respiratory • Endocrine • Reproductive • Immune and lymphatic Community resources