Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children CSEC Crimes Larimer

Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC) Crimes Larimer County CSEC High-Risk Intervention Team

Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC) Conspiring, attempting or engaging a minor for the purpose of sexually explicit conduct for financial gain of the abuser.

Sex Tourism CSEC Crimes Child Pornography Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Sextortion Survival Sex

Sex Tourism Travel planned specifically for the purposes of sex, generally to a region or country where prostitution is legal. Even if prostitution is legal in the region or country, human trafficking, sex with a minor, and child pornography are always illegal. Someone who engages in sex tourism in a foreign country can still be prosecuted under US law after returning to the US. Child Pornography Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Sextortion Survival Sex • Have you recently left the state or country? • Do you know another minor who has recently left the state or country? • Do you know an adult that travels to other states or countries to have sex with minors or to engage in prostitution? Red flag travel areas – Nevada, Canada and Mexico

Child Pornography Sex Tourism Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Child Pornography Sextortion Persuading, inducing, enticing or coercing a minor into producing, distributing, importing, receiving, possessing, or using any interstate Survival Sex or foreign commerce (including mail services and the Internet) to deliver “any visual depiction of sexually explicit conduct involving a minor. ” The legal definition of sexually explicit conduct does not require that an image depict a child engaging in sexual activity – nudity and sexually suggestive posing is sufficient. The age of consent in a given state is irrelevant. • Has anyone ever taken photos of video of you, or asked you to take them of others, that made you feel uncomfortable? • Have you ever seen pornography online that has children/minors in it? • Do you know anyone who has intentionally viewed child pornography? • Has someone ever made you send or deliver photos or videos via text, mail or online?

Sextortion Sex Tourism A form of extortion and/or blackmail that occurs when someone threatens the victim to distribute private, explicit, or sensitive material unless the victim complies with providing additional sexually explicit material, sexual favors, or money. Child Pornography Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Sextortion Survival Sex • Have you ever sent or received an explicit text message (sexting), photo or email? • Have you shared/exchanged information or photos online with someone that later made you feel uncomfortable? • Do you know anyone who has “sexted” or used “revenge porn” to hurt a former boy/girlfriend? • Does someone have an explicit photo of you in their possession? Red flag fact – There are no laws for sextortion specifically

Survival Sex Occurs when a minor traded a sex act for something of value out of desperation in order to meet basic needs of survival, and typically occurs without overt force, fraud and coercion. Minors that engage in survival sex are considered sex trafficking victims per federal human trafficking statutes. Sex Tourism Child Pornography Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Sextortion Survival Sex • How do you get your basic needs met when you are on the streets? • Has anyone (someone you know, or a stranger) offered to let you stay with them if you did something sexual for them? • (If substance abuse is involved) Has your dealer ever offered to give you free drugs in exchange for sex? • Are you helping to provide/support your child(ren) or siblings? Red flag fact – 80 -90% of runaway youth likely engage in survival sex

Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) To conspire or attempt to, or knowingly recruit, entice, harbor, transport, provide, obtain, or maintain a minor knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that the victim is a minor and would be caused to engage in a commercial sex act. It is a crime to use US mail or technology (Internet and telephone) for the purpose of or actions related to trafficking. Sex Tourism Child Pornography Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Sextortion Survival Sex • Are you or someone you know involved in prostitution? • Do you have control over your money and personal documents? • Have you been asked or forced to get a tattoo? • Are you able to leave/break up with your boyfriend/girlfriend? Red flag fact – trafficking does not require movement across borders

Pimp Third-Party Sex Traffickers Using overt force, fraud & coercion Gang Familial

Pimp-Controlled Sex Trafficking • Most common form of sex trafficking in the US • Primarily female victims and male traffickers • Typical pimp recruitment covers: • Boyfriend • CEO • Gorilla Pimp Gang Familial

Familial-Controlled Sex Trafficking Pimp Gang Familial • Grooming and abuse begins as early as infancy • Victims and traffickers are both males and females • Most difficult to identify • Family may appear “too perfect, ” and the abuser often has elevated status or power within the larger community

Gang-Controlled Sex Trafficking Pimp Gang Familial • More profitable and less risky than drugs and weapons • Primarily female victims and male traffickers • Gangs leverage their black market networks to move this “product” just like drugs and weapons • “Snitching” makes prosecution rare • Increase in pornography production and distribution

CSEC Crimes Overlap

CSEC Crimes Overlap “The sex trade occurs – not in neat silos – but on a sporadic and intertwining continuum. Until our analysis includes legal and illegal forms of sex exploitation, our solutions will be ineffective and incomplete. Stripping is the gateway to prostitution and where sex trafficking happens. Different forms of the sex trade, such as pornography, massage parlors and the “adult entertainment” industry, are interconnected and inseparable from sex trafficking. ” - Autumn Burris, Survivor Leader and Founder of Survivors 4 Solutions, Consultant for OVC CSEC Crimes DMST Sextortion Child Pornograph y Survival Sex Tourism

Screening

Child Pornography Persuading, inducing, enticing or coercing a minor into producing, distributing, importing, receiving, possessing, or using any interstate or foreign commerce (including mail services and the internet) to deliver “any visual depiction of sexually explicit conduct involving a minor. ” The legal definition of sexually explicit conduct does not require that an image depict a child engaging in sexual activitynudity and sexually suggestive posing is sufficient. The age of consent in a given state is irrelevant. Survival Sex Occurs when a minor traded a sex act for something of value in order to meet basic needs of survival, and typically occurs without overt force, fraud and coercion. Minors that engage in survival sex are considered sex trafficking victims per federal human trafficking statutes. Sextortion/Sexting Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) A form of extortion and/or blackmail that occurs when someone threatens the victim to distribute private, explicit, or sensitive material unless the victim complies with providing additional sexually explicit material, sexual favors, or money. To conspire or attempt to, or knowingly recruit, entice, harbor, transport, provide, obtain, or maintain a minor knowing or in reckless disregard of the fact that the victim is a minor and would be caused to engage in a commercial sex act. It is a crime to use US mail or technology (internet and telephone) for the purpose of or actions related to trafficking. STATUTORY RAPE 14 years and younger who has sexual relations with another person, and the age difference is 4 years or greater (even if consensual) Age of Consent CLASS 1 MISDEMEANOR 15 or 16 year olds, has sexual relations with an adult at least 10 years older than the minor (even if consensual) AGE OF CONSENT: 17 legally old enough to consent to participate in sexual activity

Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC) • Has anyone ever taken photos or video of you, or asked you to take them of others, that made you feel uncomfortable? • Have you ever seen pornography online that has children/minors in it? • Do you know anyone who has intentionally viewed child pornography? • Has someone ever made you send or deliver photos or videos via text, mail or online? * Red Flag Fact- 76% of people convicted of internet crimes against children have also committed contact sex crimes against children. Survival Sex Child Sex Tourism • Are you or someone you know involved in prostitution? • Do you have control over your money? • Have you been asked or forced to get a tattoo? • Are you able to leave/break up with your boyfriend/girlfriend? * Red Flag Fact- trafficking does not require movement across borders. Child Pornography • How do you get your basic needs met when you are on the streets? • Has anyone offered to let you stay with them if you did something sexual for them? • Has your dealer ever offered to give you free drugs in exchange for sex? • Are you helping to support your child(ren) or siblings? Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) Sextortion * Red Flag Fact- 80%-90% of runaway youth likely engage in survival sex. • Have you ever sent or received an explicit text message photo or email? • Have you shared/exchanged information or photos online with someone that later made you feel uncomfortable? • Does someone have explicit photos of you in their possession? * Red Flag Fact-there are no laws for sextortion specifically.

Inviting an Expert into the Conversation

Referral Process

Youth presents to community agency, and meets Pre-Screen criteria. YES Law enforcement is contacted. Youth is referred to DHS. Youth has access to all related community support services through their DHS case. Youth is screened using High-Risk Victim Identification Tool Confirmed CSEC? NO Youth has access through Larimer CSEC HRIT to support groups, employment and housing, legal aid, and mental health services, designed and screened to meet the specific needs of this population. Youth is identified as “At-Risk for CSEC”. Youth is referred to Larimer CSEC HRIT Case Coordinator for additional screening and preventative case management.

Intervention is a PROCESS! Not an event.