COMMA RULES When to use commas properly Commas

Commas in a Series In a series of three or more items, use a

Between adjectives Use commas between two or more adjectives of equal rank that modify

Introductory word or phrase Use commas after an introductory word or phrase. As an

Interrupters Use commas to set off one or more words that interrupt the flow

Nouns in Direct Address Use commas to set off nouns in direct address. The

Appositives Use commas to set off nonessential appositives. Appositives are nonessential if the meaning

Dates Use commas between the day of the month and the year. If the

Addresses Use a comma between the name of a city or town and the

Letters Use a comma after the greeting of an informal letter and after the

Direct Quotations Use commas to set off the explanatory words use with a direct

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COMMA RULES When to use commas properly

Commas in a Series In a series of three or more items, use a comma after every item except the last one Pocahontas, her husband, and their son sailed to England in 1616.

Between adjectives Use commas between two or more adjectives of equal rank that modify the same noun. Pocahontas was a brave, powerful woman.

Introductory word or phrase Use commas after an introductory word or phrase. As an adult, Pocahontas converted to Christianity. Unfortunately, our team lost the game.

Interrupters Use commas to set off one or more words that interrupt the flow of thought in a sentence. The legend about her saving John Smith, by the way, is probably false.

Nouns in Direct Address Use commas to set off nouns in direct address. The test on Friday, class, will cover adjectives and adverbs.

Appositives Use commas to set off nonessential appositives. Appositives are nonessential if the meaning of the sentence is clear without them. Her marriage to John Rolfe, a colonist, lead to eight years of peace.

Dates Use commas between the day of the month and the year. If the sentence continues, use a comma after the year also. On November 11, 1918, the armistice was signed.

Addresses Use a comma between the name of a city or town and the state of the state or country. If the sentence continues, use a comma after the name of the state or country. The zoo in Buffalo, New York, is in Delaware Park.

Letters Use a comma after the greeting of an informal letter and after the closing of an informal or business letter. Dear Dad, Your daughter,

Direct Quotations Use commas to set off the explanatory words use with a direct quotation, the beginning, middle, and end of the quotation. Jose declared, “These games are challenging. ” “These games, ” Jose declared, “are a challenge. ”