Combating Trafficking a presentation By Dr K P

Combating Trafficking a presentation By Dr. K. P. Singh, IPS DGP (Crime), Haryana 20 January , 2015 Panipat

Human Trafficking is as prevalent , present & real as Earth, water and air

REASONS BEHIND HT • • • Prostitution Religious Traditions Labor Exploitation Organ Trading Begging , Entertainment Adoption Marriages Pornography Enmity 3

HUMAN TRAFFICKING IS A REALITY ekuo r. Ldjh , d gdhdr g. S • • • 2 nd largest criminal industry after drug trafficking. 2. 70 crore people are victims of HT world wide. 95 % experience physical or sexual violence 40 lac prostitutes in India 40 % of them are minor 80 % victims of HT are women & girls 4

ekuo r. Ldjh ds fo: } tax fu. kk. Z; d lkfcr ugha gqb. Z g. SA Combating Trafficking has been a non-priority , neglected and unimportant area for the police, the people and the society 5

euq"; xqyke ugha cuuk pkgrk] ij] xqykeh il. Un djrk g. SA Man does not want to become slave but likes slavery and servitude

HUMAN TARFFICKING ekuo r. Ldjh dh ifj. Hkk"kk Traffic in human being means selling and buying men and women like goods. 'kjhj vk. Sj Je ds 'kks"k. k ds fy, xktj&ewyh dh rjg euq"; ksa dh [kjhn&Qjks[r djuk gh ekuo r. Ldjh g. SA Raj Bahadur Vs. Legal Remembrance • AIR 1953 Cal. 522 7

SECTION 370 IPC - TRAFFICKING OF PERSON ekuo r. Ldjh dh dkuwuh ifj. Hkk"kk (1) Whoever, for the purpose of exploitation, (a) recruits, (b) transports, (c) harbours, (d) transfers, or (e) receives, a person or persons, by – First –using threats, or Secondly- using force, or any other form of coercion, or Thirdly- by abduction, or Fourthly- by practicing fraud, or deception, or Fifthly- by abuse of power, or Sixthly- by inducement, including the giving or receiving of payment or benefits, in order to achieve the consent of any person having control over the person commits the offence of trafficking. 8

EXPLOITATION OF A TRAFFICKED PERSON (SEC. 370 -A IPC) r. Ldjh ds f’kdkj yksxksa dk 'kks"k. k 1. Whoever, knowingly or having reason to believe that a minor has been trafficked, engages such minor for sexual exploitation in any manner, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than five years, but which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. 2. Minimum of 3 years to 5 years and fine in case of exploitation of an adult trafficked person. 9

LEGAL TOOLS FOR COMBAT ekuo r. Ldjh ls tq. M+s dkuwu - IPC sections 370, 370 -A, 363, 373 & so many others PITA 1986 - Immoral Trafficking Juvenile Justice Act 2000 POCSO, 2012 Child labour prohibition Act, 1976 Child Marriage Restraints Act, 1929 Indecent Representation of women Act 1986 Bonded Labour Act 10

ekuo r. Ldjh ds fo: } vk/kh&v/kwjh tax CRIME UNDER PITA (2013) Total cases registered – 2579, AP 489, Karnataka 340, Tamilnadu 549, Maharashtra 280, Kerala 180, Haryana 63 11

ROOTS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING • • Human trafficking is economy driven & demand generated. D; ksafd Demand &Supply nexus xjhch cktkj ltkrh g. S A vk. Sj vehjh mu cktkjksa dks xqytkj djrh g. SA Poverty Illiteracy and Unemployment ekuo r. Ldjh & Bad governance f. Meka. M&l. Iykb. Z dk rkuk&ckuk g. SA eq. Qfylh dk jksuk&/kksuk g. SA Skewed Development O; o. LFkk dh uk. Qjekuh g. SA lekt dh ek. Su Lohd`fr g. SA Gender based violence dkuwu dh Hkwy&Hkqy. S; k g. SA Demand for the victims O; f. Dr dh tqj. Zr g. SA ihf. M+r dh O; Fkk g. SA Poor enforcement of laws Lack of concern and indifference of the society 12

Dimensions of HT in India Hkkjr esa ekuo r. Ldjh ds vk; ke - Supplier (Gulf Countries) - Transit point (For Nepalis and Bangladeshis) - Receiver (From Nepal and Bangladesh) Indian share in victims of HT world over is 4. 7 % Young Boys and Girls are trafficked from economically under develop areas to economically well off states within India.

COMBATTING HUMAN TRAFFICKING ekuo r. Ldjh ds fo: } tax dk f=dks. k Prevention Protection Prosecution 14

COMBATING HT FOR PROSTITUTION Three Models Suppression : To wipe out (American Model) Regulation : Accept inevitability of prostitution and direct to prevent and minimize its evil effect (British Model) Abolition : Of all control It recognizes prostitution as a trade/profession and abolish all restriction and control. 15

COMBATING PROSTITUTION: PHILOSOPHICAL CONTOURS 16

ISSUES IN COMBATTING TRAFFICKING 1. Laws are potent, enforcement is weak dkuwu etcwr] fdz; k. Uo; u detksj] • Police not catching the traffickers • Role ambiguity- moral policing vs law enforcement • Treating victims as offenders • Prosecution & Judiciary not properly sensitized • Not enough mechanism and infrastructure • Rohtak Apna Ghar incident • 90 % of the rescued victims have no option but to get retrafficked 17

2. SOCIETY’S MIND SET • Not ready to accept victims of human trafficking as equal human beings worth re-integrating with society • Response of stake holders has been unwelcoming generally with few exceptions 18

Family Response Weep Curse Forget & Hate 19

Police Response Take Make Fake & Forget 20

Societal Response Joke Mock Laugh & Hate 21

Protection Home Manager’s Response Receive Deceive Abuse & Dispose 22

NGO’s Response Discovery Recovery Custody Study Publish & Rubbish 23

Ideal Response Suppress Prevent Educate Regulate Rehabilitate & Re-integrate 24

3. CHANGE APPROACH TOWARDS COMBATING PROSTITUTION tax dh uhfr cnyuh pkfg, ? f. Meka. M &l. Iykb. Z dk dqpdz rks. M+uk • • Break demand-supply nexus Make prostitution per se an offence & customer liable Attempt in 2006 to amend PITA failed Do we have the mechanism & infrastructure to rehabilitate and reintegrate 40 lac sex workers ? 25

4. BREAKING DEMAND SUPPLY CIRCLE (REDUCING DEMAND) f. Meka. M dk dqpdz rks. M+us dk ldkjk. Red lk/ku • • Improve male-female sex ratio Proper enforcement of MTP & PCPNDT Laws Educating the masses about importance of girl child Strengthening moral fiber of the society • Sex-ratio(0 -6) age group- all India- 919, Haryana 834, improved by 10 points in last decade 26

5. BREAKING DEMAND-SUPPLY NEXUS (REDUCING SUPPLY) l. Iykb. Z dk dqpdz rks. M+us ds ldkjk. Red lk/ku • • • Rehabilitation of children of sex workers Reintegration of rescued sex workers Post work rehabilitation of sex workers Rehabilitation and reintegration of active sex workers Ujjawala scheme of Govt. of India 27

Combating HT for Labour Exploitation Je 'kks"k. k ds fy, ekuo&r. Ldjh ds fo: } tax Laws are strict, enforcement is weak • • • Demand in every middle class family & in small time business Mushrooming of placement service agencies How to improve enforcement machinery, Non-priority area Rehabilitation of the victims, lack of infrastructure Public to be awakened for not employing children Disabilities of civil nature for industries employing child labour Enforcement of Right to education laws Definition of child needs revisit Zero tolerance on child labour

COMBATTING TRAFFICKING FOR MARRIAGES • Trafficked for marriage, re-trafficked and so on • Breaking the nexus of re-trafficking • Strict action against traffickers • Such trafficked women become facilitator • Trafficked women are treated second rate citizen • Protection of civil, personal and social rights of the trafficked brides and their offsprings 29

TRAFFICKING FOR ORGAN TRADE, BEGGING RECREATION, PORNOGRAPHIC PURPOSES • Laws are strict • Law enforcement agencies need to be educated and geared up • Focus and priority 30

WHAT IS LACKING? deh dgka g. S ? • • • Orientation Competency Will power Public co-operation Focus Supervision and monitoring (n`f"Vdks. k ) ({kerk ) (b. PNk&’kf. Dr ) (tu≶ ksx ) (ladsanz. k ) (i; Zos{k. k , oa leh{kk ) 31

lg. L=kf. Cn; ksa dh dqiz. Fkk, a , d fnu esa lek. Ir ugha gks ldrh. A

Way ahead…… lq>ko • NCRB to collect data • Anti-Human Trafficking Bureau for quality investigation • National Portal on HT where citizen can upload pictures and information about trafficked person • Continuous public awareness campaign • Create adequate infrastructure for rehabilitation and re -integration of victims of HT as per PITA, JJ Act etc. • Central legislation for preventing religious prostitution & begging

• • • Improve Sex Ratio, Research should be encouraged in the Universities Involving civil society, for identification & rehabilitation Enforcement of existing laws to be ensured. Accountability of all law enforcement agencies including Police , Labour deptt, Social Welfare deptt, Health deptt etc. should be fixed for inadequate enforcement of law.

Remember var esa • Human life is a gift of our Creator and it should never be for sale. -President Bush • ekuo thou fo/kkrk dk ojnku g. S ] bls er cspks. A bls fcdus er nks. A

Remember var esa • Human Trafficking is a degradation of our common Humanity - Barrack Obama • ekuo&r. Ldjh ekuo ds iru dh nk. Lrku g. SA

Remember var esa • Civilization can not sustain unless justice is given to every soul. • fonzksg dk vadqj v. U; k; dh i`"BHkwfe esa gh vadqfjr gksrk g. SA

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