Colt International Ltd Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling Colt

Colt International Ltd Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling Colt CPD Technical Seminar “People feel better in Colt conditions ” | www. coltinfo. co. uk “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

“Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Agenda • A Brief History of Colt • Principles & Terminology • Applicability • Evaporative Cooling in relation to alternative approaches • Theory & Hygiene Issues • Specific applications – Data Centres • Questions “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

A brief history of Colt • A private company founded in 1931 • I J O’Hea OBE (1897 - 1984) • 2014 Group turnover £ 146 million • Manufactures in the UK, Holland, Germany and China I J O’Hea Colt Founder “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Current UK Business Markets • Smoke Control • Solar Shading • Natural Ventilation • Louvre • Environmental Comfort Control “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Principles & Technology • What is Adiabatic Evaporative cooling? - Wet your finger and blow on it - Get out of the sea or a swimming pool when the day is breezy - Perfume or aftershave on your skin “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Principles & Technology • • Evaporation - Change of liquid to a gas - 2, 436 kilojoules / gram - Heat energy taken from the air into the water vapour Adiabatic? - Without exchange of energy “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Applicability • Where is the technology applicable “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Fundamentals of Evaporative Cooling “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

A proven technology • Physical process • Ancient Egypt & Greece had quite complex systems to exploit it • Estimated to be millions of installations using the principle worldwide “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

No ventilation Outside 25 o. C 35 o. C in work zone 44 o. C 25 o. C 35 o. C Room temperature: +10 o. C higher than outdoor “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Natural ventilation Outdoor 25 o. C Temperature drops by 8 o. C to 27 o. C EURO-CO 32 o. C + 25 o. C - FCO 27 o. C 3 o. C higher than outdoor + air movement “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Natural and mechanical ventilation Temperature drops further… COLTAIR 30 o. C 26 o. C 25 o. C 26 o. C 27 o. C Inside 1 ~ 2 o. C higher than outdoor + air movement “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Natural ventilation and adiabatic cooled supply air Temp. in work zone is lower than outside Cool. Stream + Coltair 38 o. C 32 o. C 29 o. C 26 o. C 24 o. C Inside 4 -8 o. C cooler than outside + air movement + 100% fresh air “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Mechanical cooling The solution completely changes… Chiller + AHU 40 o. C 35 o. C 16 o. C 24 o. C Inside cool as you want, but… less air movement, no or less fresh air “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Cooling stage model Investment costs Running costs Mechanical cooling room < 26°C Adiabatic Cooling room = 28°C Mechanical ventilation room = 36°C Natural ventilation room = 38°C No ventilation room = 41°C 35°C Applicable buildings How much is necessary? How much is adequate? How much is too much? “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Theory • 32 deg C & 40% RH • Resultant condition must lie on the enthalpy line “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Theory • Air temperature will reduce & • Relative Humidity will increase “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Advantages • Environmentally Safe • Hotter external temperature increases performance • Low running cost • Fresh air • No adverse impact on comfort – ISO 7730 • Low weight “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Health & Hygiene • Legionella • Stagnant water: between 20 o. C – 55 o. C • Critical temperature: 37 o. C • Water droplets: 1 -5µm • ASHRAE • VDI 6022 “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Data centre cooling • High energy use • PUE • “Sustainable Cooling for Data Centres” • Free Cooling • ASHRAE, Chapter 19 “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Data centre cooling ASHRAE Class 1 Data Centre Operating Conditions Allowable Recommended “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Data centre cooling • Key Benefits of Evaporative cooling - PUE < 1. 1 - Significant energy saving - Lower capital cost - Cooling equipment located externally - Additional server space - No services within server room - N, N+1, 2 N “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk

Pressurisation Systems Ventilation In Car Parks– Performnce testing Q&A Session… “People feel better in Colt conditions ” | www. coltgroup. com “Peoplefeelbetterinin. Coltconditions” ” | |www. coltgroup. com www. coltinfo. co. uk