Colorblindness http colorvisiontesting com How does the world

Colorblindness http: //colorvisiontesting. com/ How does the world look to a color blind person? Red/Green colorblind: don’t see the color red very well. In effect, part of the color spectrum is shifted in hue towards green. Mistakes distinguishing red from orange, orange from yellow, and yellow from yellow-green.

What is this called? ? ? Critical thinking - solve the puzzle How is this trait passed on?

Sickle Cell Malaria resistant! - if you are heterozygous for this base-pair mutation

Cause: • a point mutation: one base pair substitution, changing the amino acid from glutamine to valine People affected: • Parts of Africa (the region south of the Sahara Desert) • Spanish-speaking areas: such as South America, Cuba, and Central America • Saudi Arabia • India • Mediterranean countries, such as Turkey, Greece, and Italy In the United States, the sickle cell trait (Codominant form = AS) ~ About 2 million Americans have sickle cell trait ~ About 1 in 12 African Americans has sickle cell trait ~ Being heterozygous makes them immune to Malaria In the United States, the disease (Sickle Cell Anemia = SS) ~ affects about 72, 000 people (most from African decent) ~ One in every 600 African-American births ~ One in every 1, 000— 1, 400 Hispanic-American births

The general signs or symptoms of Sickle Cell Anemia are: • Fatigue (feeling very tired) • Paleness • Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) • Shortness of breath • Painful joints Complications of Sickle Cell Anemia • Pain when sickle-shaped red blood cells block the blood flow • Potential organ damage and death from blocked blood flow A S For this example: both parents are carriers (they are heterozygous: AS), but do not have the “disease” themselves. A AA AS Give the Genotypes of the kids ________________ S AS SS Give the Phenotypes of the kids ________________ What is the probability that they will have a Sickle Cell Anemia baby? ___% chance.