Colony New Jersey CharterGovt Proprietary Economy Aristocracy Society

Colony: New Jersey Charter/Gov’t: Proprietary Economy: Aristocracy Society: Dutch and Swedish Other: Was the third state to ratify the constitution

MARYLAND, the first proprietary colony. CHARTER/ GOVERNMENT: when Maryland was first established Lord Baltimore was the colony’s proprietor, had the power to run the area with certain exceptions set in place by the king to see that England still maintained control, Lord Baltimore reserved the right to veto any law made and therefore labeled Maryland the first selfgoverned colony. Economy: tobacco was center of economy, farmed and sold in Europe, -farm s and plantations scattered the colony, Chesapeake Bay influenced trade and settlement. Society: Any group of 10 -20 settlers was given a plantation, single settlers were granted farms, Lord Baltimore sought to spread Catholicism but religious freedom was encouraged. Other: Toleration Act of 1649 was passed in Maryland, marking the first law of any kind allowing freedom of Christian worship.

Colony: Maryland Charter/Gov’t: Royally charted proprietor. Had a single governor- Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore the 2 nd Economy: Cash crop- Tobacco (occasionally used as currency) Society: Lord Baltimorewanted to create place for English Catholics Other: Named after the wife of King Charles I, Queen Henrietta Maria of France

Colony: Connecticut Charter/Gov’t: Connecticut Colony Charter, Fundamental Orders (“The First Constitution) Economy: Manufacturing Society: Connecticut was founded by Puritans Other: Connecticut's name is derived from the Indian word Quinnehtukqut

Colony: Georgia Charter/Gov’t: • Proprietary charter under James Oglethorpe • Became royal colony in 1752 • Representative system of government Economy: • Only colony to receive financial aid • Led by agriculture • Rice, indigo, lumber, fur trade Society: • Protestant refuge • No schools, little town life Other: • 4 th state to ratify the Constitution (1788) • Last colony established Destin Sweeten

Colony: Georgia Charter/Gov’t: • Proprietary, became royal in 1752 • King George II (1732) granted Georgia to James E. Oglethorpe Economy: • Mainly plantations • Indigo • Rice Society: • Provide additional protection from Spain • Drove the Spanish back to Florida Other: • 4 th state to ratify constitution • Began with the intentions of no slavery • Served as a place where debtors in prison could go to start anew

Colony: Virginia Charter/Gov’t: First Charter written on April 10, 1606 Corporate Colony Economy: Suffered greatly at first Eventually people grew tobacco, a cash crop Society: The first settlers were representing their country and king, but they wanted profit as well Other: Only 32 weary colonists survived in Jamestown the first year and were told to stay

Colony: Virginia Charter/Gov’t: Corporate Economy: Plantation agriculture Society: Anglicanism religion Other: • The Virginia Colony was nicknamed "The Old Dominion" by King Charles II for remaining loyal to the English monarchy

Colony: Charter/Gov’t: Corporate-New Sweden Company Economy: Center of Fur Trading Society: Founded in March 1638 Other: Brought log cabin to America

Colony: New York Charter/Gov’t: The Dutch appointed a Director- General as governor and created a council that advises the governor, votes on local regulations and has judiciary powers. There was a move towards a self government, but the governor dismisses the demands for a self government. The first charter of New York is the Charter of 1664, when the New Netherland is claimed for England by King Charles II who gave it to his brother James, the Duke of York. Under which he has the power to establish laws, appoint officials, and judiciary officials that can only be appealed by a council in England. Economy: The New Netherlands economy was made up of manufacturing (ship building, and iron works), and agriculture which was made mainly of cattle, grain, rice, indigo, and wheat. Much was shipped to England what was not available in New Netherlands was made available to the colonists by means of trade. The colonists were also a part of the Indian fur trade. Society: This was a place where people went for religious freedom. Most of the population was made up of middle class farmers artisans, fisherman, and craftsmen because the rich or the poor did not usually immigrate. The population was largely rural, while cities grew rapidly. Other: Many significant battles of the American Revolution were fought in New York. Finally, after many years of fighting New York became a state on July 26, 1788. It also was the eleventh state to ratify the Constitution.

Colony: New York Charter/Gov’t: Proprietary Economy: Fur trade established under Dutch rule. Agricultural areas of Long Island spread along the Hudson Society: Dutch settlers arrived at Governers Island traded with Native Americans, Religious preference Christianity Other: First names New Netherland, After the colony was conquered by the British, the name of the colony was changed to New York as a tribute to the Duke of York.

Colony: Pennsylvania Charter/Gov’t: Charter was held by William Penn until the American Revolution. The government of the colony included an appointed governor, a 72 member Provincial Council, and a larger General Assembly. Economy: Consisted mostly of agriculture, but due to the vast majority of resources they were able to industrialize earlier than other colonies. The rivers also played a role in commerce and transportation for the colony. Society: Philadelphia, in colonial times, was known as the “Athens Of America” due to its rich cultural life. Pennsylvania was noted for its variety and strength of its intellectual and educational institutions and interests. Other: Several of the country’s most important documents were written in Pennsylvania such as the Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address.

Colony: Charter/Gov’t: -Proprietary -Naturalization/Great Law Economy: -Leading agricultural exports -Abundant natural resources -Important rivers for transportation and commerce Society: -“Athens of America” -Quaker Religion Other: -2 nd state to ratify Constitution -3 rd largest Colony

South Carolina Charter given to loyalists of King Charles, 1663 Economy: The wealth of South Carolina was because of the huge rice and indigo plantations found in the low countries on the coasts. Cities such as Charleston also prospered because of the water routes. Society: Small number of French Huguenots, but mainly rich plantation owners and their African and Native American slaves. (1720 slaves became the majority) Other: Richest colony and state up until the Civil War.

Colony: South Carolina Charter/Gov’t: Carolina Charter Proprietary Colony Economy: Agriculture Merchant Trading Society: Wealthy plantation owners and merchants Formed a strong governing class Other: Had more revolutionary battles in its lands than any other colony

Colony: Massachusetts Charter/Gov’t: Began as Corporate colony from the London Virginia Company Economy: Fur trade, fishing, cattle, farming a mix of Old World crops and New World crops Society: Religious, co-existed with Native Americans, Other: Founded in 1620 First Thanksgiving in 1623

Colony: Massachusetts Charter/Government: Started out as a Corporate Colony and later became a Royal Colony. They had a democratic government with a Governor and his Council with elections every year. Church and state were governed separately. Economy: Common wealth. Food was grown for the town and distributed equally. There was neither private property nor division of labor. Society: Families were large- often 5 to 6 children. Women had many rights, such as to property and legal rights. Religion was a major aspect of society- most were Puritans. Other: The Mayflower originally landed in what is now Massachusetts- off the coast of Cape Cod.

Colony: North Carolina Charter/Gov’t: In 1663, King Charles II issued a royal charter to eight nobles to settle the area south of Virginia. Economy: The colonial economy was based on tobacco, livestock, naval stores, and lumber products. Society: In first 50 years, North Carolina’s settlers faced corrupt officials, violent rebellion, Indian war, isolation, disease, hurricanes, and pirates. Other: It took almost a century to finally colonize North Carolina, which was then the valley of James. Thomas Kirk

Colony: New Hampshire Charter/Gov’t: Council of Plymouth, royal province. Economy: Agriculture (potatoes, fishing), Manufacturing (textiles, shipbuilding) Society: Had many fishing stations, It was ruled by a governor and council. Traded with the surrounding natives for supplies. Other: Became a State in June 21, 1788, 1638 by John Wheelwright and John Mason.

Colony: Rhode Island Charter/Gov’t: Rhode Island was a Corporate colony. It allowed guarantees, like religious freedom. Economy: Rhode Island exported fish and timber. (The rocky terrain and harsh winters did not allow for farming) Society: Many settlers were protestants looking for religious freedom. Other: People began to settle in Rhode Island in 1620 and the first permanent settlement was established in 1636