Colonial Beginnings Roanoke The Lost Colony n Gov
Colonial Beginnings
Roanoke The Lost Colony n Gov. John White made 2 trips to Virginia n 1 st trip – check out the area 2 nd trip – bring 100 settlers for settlement n Food was scarce…many starved to death n
Roanoke The Lost Colony n n n White returned to England to get supplies When he returned, he found NOTHING…no signs of civilization The only clue…“CRO” carved in tree CRO
Jamestown, Virginia n n Why is Jamestown so important? It was the 1 st permanent English settlement Named in honor of King James Chartered by the Virginia Company Motivation for settlement – gold/silver
Problems: n Area low-lying/swampy (mosquitos carried malaria) n Summers – hot & humid n Winters – bitter cold; settlers arrived too late to plant crops n Attacks from the Natives
n n n By the end of the first year only 38 of 103 settlers were alive Gentlemen were “too good” to work…they were there to search for gold ($$$) The colony desperately needed leadership…and John Smith stepped up
JOHN SMITH n n n Ruthless man Arrived during the 2 nd winter (1608) Created work ethic among the colonists – “Work or die” during this “starving time”
n n n Smith kept notes that were made into a book He was captured by the Powhatan Indians. His life was spared when he befriended Pocahontas. A gunpowder accident caused John Smith to return to England.
JOHN ROLFE n n John Rolfe takes over and brings 800 more settlers with him to Jamestown He becomes the 1 st successful European tobacco farmer Tobacco caused increased problems with the Natives. Why? Planting tobacco fields meant expanding the size of the Jamestown colony
n n n John Rolfe meets and marries Pocahontas She becomes a Christian and is baptized as Rebecca Rolfe returns to England with Rebecca when he is summoned by the Virginia Company
Jamestown Housing
House of Burgesses n 1 st representative government in the New World – allowed for elected officials to represent colonists n n Created local laws Dutch ships bring in Africans to work tobacco crops in Jamestown
DELETE!!! n Cross out the following portion of your notes: BACON’s REBELLION (#31 -40)
Separatists n Better known as the Pilgrims n Separated from the Church of England n n Fled to Holland…and were dissatisfied w/ Holland Contacted the Virginia Company regarding sailing to New World
Mayflower n 35 of the 102 passengers were Separatists (the others were commoners from England) n Leader – William Bradford n Sailed for 66 days n n What did they have to eat? Nothing but cheese, hard bread, fish, beer Were sailing to Plymouth
Mayflower Compact A storm blew them off course, and they landed outside the Virginia Company limits in which later became Massachusetts – this meant their charter was no good n n A compact was created – established laws for the good of the colony Created self-government (majority rule) – ”civil government” 8 males did not sign – they were under 15 or indentured
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