Colonial Beginnings Roanoke The Lost Colony n Gov

Colonial Beginnings

Roanoke The Lost Colony n Gov. John White made 2 trips to Virginia n 1 st trip – check out the area 2 nd trip – bring 100 settlers for settlement n Food was scarce…many starved to death n

Roanoke The Lost Colony n n n White returned to England to get supplies When he returned, he found NOTHING…no signs of civilization The only clue…“CRO” carved in tree CRO

Jamestown, Virginia n n Why is Jamestown so important? It was the 1 st permanent English settlement Named in honor of King James Chartered by the Virginia Company Motivation for settlement – gold/silver

Problems: n Area low-lying/swampy (mosquitos carried malaria) n Summers – hot & humid n Winters – bitter cold; settlers arrived too late to plant crops n Attacks from the Natives

n n n By the end of the first year only 38 of 103 settlers were alive Gentlemen were “too good” to work…they were there to search for gold ($$$) The colony desperately needed leadership…and John Smith stepped up

JOHN SMITH n n n Ruthless man Arrived during the 2 nd winter (1608) Created work ethic among the colonists – “Work or die” during this “starving time”

n n n Smith kept notes that were made into a book He was captured by the Powhatan Indians. His life was spared when he befriended Pocahontas. A gunpowder accident caused John Smith to return to England.

JOHN ROLFE n n John Rolfe takes over and brings 800 more settlers with him to Jamestown He becomes the 1 st successful European tobacco farmer Tobacco caused increased problems with the Natives. Why? Planting tobacco fields meant expanding the size of the Jamestown colony

n n n John Rolfe meets and marries Pocahontas She becomes a Christian and is baptized as Rebecca Rolfe returns to England with Rebecca when he is summoned by the Virginia Company

Jamestown Housing

House of Burgesses n 1 st representative government in the New World – allowed for elected officials to represent colonists n n Created local laws Dutch ships bring in Africans to work tobacco crops in Jamestown

DELETE!!! n Cross out the following portion of your notes: BACON’s REBELLION (#31 -40)

Separatists n Better known as the Pilgrims n Separated from the Church of England n n Fled to Holland…and were dissatisfied w/ Holland Contacted the Virginia Company regarding sailing to New World

Mayflower n 35 of the 102 passengers were Separatists (the others were commoners from England) n Leader – William Bradford n Sailed for 66 days n n What did they have to eat? Nothing but cheese, hard bread, fish, beer Were sailing to Plymouth

Mayflower Compact A storm blew them off course, and they landed outside the Virginia Company limits in which later became Massachusetts – this meant their charter was no good n n A compact was created – established laws for the good of the colony Created self-government (majority rule) – ”civil government” 8 males did not sign – they were under 15 or indentured