COLLECTIVE BARGAINNING The term collective bargaining was coined
COLLECTIVE BARGAINNING
� The term collective bargaining was coined in 1891 by Mrs. Beatrice Webb. �It represented, according to her, an attempt on the part of a collective body of workers to secure higher and better wages and other economic benefits than would be possible through individual bargaining.
� The concept of collective bargaining through direct negotiation was first introduced in the year 1956, by amending section 2(p) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, to give a kind of legal status to the collective agreements. �In the absence of a legal status, the collective agreement is nothing more than a gentlemen's agreement, that is, a private agreement. �According to section 2(P) "Settlement means a written agreement between the employer and workmen arrived at otherwise than in the course of conciliation proceedings".
� In broad terms, collective bargaining indicates the process of bargaining between the employers and their workmen as a group, by which they settle various disputes relating to employment, terms of employment, working conditions and the like, each side utilising the rights available. � Sometimes through such bargaining satisfactory settlement is reached, voluntarily and peacefully. �The process of collective bargaining is an evolutionary process resolving some issues, but at times facing new issues under constantly changing conditions.
� Collective bargaining and grievance procedure provide an excellent opportunity whereby complaints of workers and employers can be discussed in industrial relations. � It does not hesitate to use any method of persuasion such as "argument, horse-trading, bluff, cajolery and threats" to bring the opposite party to its line. � "Its essence is the reluctant exchange of commitments as both the parties want to give less and get more".
� Collective bargaining can also be described as a democratic decision making process in industries. �It has been evolved to solve problems in Trade Unionism and Industrial Relations. THANK YOU
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