Cold War Review Divison of Germany Satellite Nation

Cold War Review

Divison of Germany

+ Satellite Nation

+ IRON CURTAIN

+ Government Declaration of a Liberated Europe +

+ Truman + Stalin Different opinions on German reparations +

+ Cold War

The Cold War [1945 -1991]: An Ideological Struggle Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations [“Iron Curtain”] GOAL spread world-wide Communism US & the Western Democracies GOAL Containment, or stopping the spread of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world.

The Division of Germany & Berlin leads to Berlin Airlift §Soviets blockade Western Berlin under Stalin’s orders §He hoped U. S. would abandon West Berlin §Instead of surrendering, Truman orders supplies airlifted into West Berlin §Symbolizes U. S. determination to stop spread of Communism

The Formation of NATO • Treaty between U. S. and 12 countries • Provides collective security (alliance) • Result of Berlin Blockade • Eastern Europe (Communist nations) form Warsaw Pact in Response

The Truman Doctrine • Based upon theory of containment • Send money to Greece & Turkey because they are fighting Communism • “Truman’s Greecy Turkey”

The Marshall Plan • Promotes containment • Provides money to all of Europe to rebuild after war • Designed to prevent poverty, which can lead to Communism

Chinese Civil War • Communists led by Mao Ze Dong • Nationalists led by Chang Kai Sheck VS. • U. S. provides money to nationalists Results: o Communists Win, Nationalists flee to Taiwan o. Seen as failure of Containment Policy o. Domino Theory: If one country falls to communism, the surrounding countries will too

Korean War [1950 -1953]

Korea divided at end of WW II until elections can be held Kim Il-Sung Communist Syngman Rhee U. S. supported dictator

The Shifting Map of Korea [1950 -1953]

Results of Korean War • Over 3 years of fighting • Almost leads to war with China, who aids North Korea • No territorial changes and Korea remains divided today • Over 36, 000 American soldiers died