Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 1 Cohesion

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 1 Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments http: //europa. eu. int/comm/regional_policy 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 2 EU Structural policy 2000 -06 following enlargement 40% to 49, 9% of EU pouplation (155→ 224 Mio. ) in eligible areas (Obj. 1&2) 213 to 233 bn. Euro for structural funds by 2006 (one third of the EU budget) 400 to 480 Structural Funds programmes 211 to 264 NUTS 2 -Regions 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 3 History 1957 1988 1989 1993 1994 1999 2000 10/22/2021 2006 1960: The European Social Fund (ESF) into force 1974: Start of European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) Integration of the structural funds 5 common objectives Standardised administration rules Decentralised management Raising of the structural funds' budget up to 14 bn ECU p. a. (ca. 20% of EU-Budget) Introduction of a new objective 4 Simplification of procedures New cohesion and fisheries instruments Raising of the structural funds' budget up to 32 bn ECU p. a. (ca. 30% of EU budget) Concentration of regions covered and financial resources phasing-out for some objective 1, 2 and 5 b regions 3 common objectives Introduction of pre-accession instruments for candidates (ISPA)

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 4 Regional GDP per head in 2001 for EU 27 in power purchase parities < 50 50 - 75 75 - 90 90 - 100 - 125 >= 125 No data Index EU 25 = 100 Source: Eurostat 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 5 EU Cohesion policy and funds Funds Regional development EU cohesion policy Employment and social integration Rural development linked Community policies: ERDF 4 State Aids ESF 4 Sustainable development EAGGF 4 Equal opportunities FIFG 4 RTD Cohesion 4 SME promotion Fund 4 Information society Region analysis, multi-annual programming, management, co-financing, evaluation Other EU policies and concepts: Lisbon/Gothenburg strategy, enlargement, budget, institutional Reform, Global influences: general economic development, foreign investments, national policies 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 6 Legal framework TEC Art. 161 Art. 162 Art. 148 Art. 37 General Regulation (EC) 1260/1999 on Structural Funds • ERDF Regulation • ESF Regulation • EAGGF Regulation • FIFG Regulation • Cohesion Fund Regulation Council by unanimity, assent of EP, comments by ECS/Co. R ERDF, ESF: Codecision EAGGF, FIFG, Cohesion Fund, Commission‘s Regulations: • EAGGF/SAPARD Regulations • Regulation on Information/Publicity • Eligible expenditure • Financial control • Financial corrections Commission‘s Decisions: • Decisons (Objective 1 and 2 regions) • Communications (Community initiatives) • Decisions on single programmes 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 7 Programming cycle 1 regulative framework financial means, eligible regions/areas 2 regional analysis (SWOT), strategy, plan/programme draft/complement 3 4 5 10/22/2021 negotiations: Member State/region-Commission programme decision programme management project selection evaluation/ adaptation

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 8 The Structural Funds and Instruments 2000 -2006 (1) ERDF ESF EAGGF-G FIFG Cohesion Fund European Regional Development Fund European Social Fund European Agriculture Guidiance and Guarantee Fund. Guidiance Sect. Financial Instrument of Fisheries Guidance for Member States with a GDP below 90% • Infrastructure • Vocational • Investments Training • RTD • Employment • SME Subsidies. . . 10/22/2021 • Development of rural areas • Investments in tourism. . . • environmental of Fisheries and trans. Sites port (TEN) • Modernising infrastructure Fisheries' Industries (project selection). . .

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 9 The Structural Funds and Instruments 2000 -2006 (2) Community Initiatives INTERREG III URBAN II EQUAL Leader+ cross-border, transnational and interregional co-operation development of deprived urban areas transnational networking and exchange strategies for sustainable rural development ERDF ESF EAGGF-G • Infrastructure • sustainable dev. • public transport • employment • planning • social inclusion • studies • culture • information • RTD • SME. . . 10/22/2021 innovative employment actions in EU networks local action groups

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 10 EU Structural Funds 2000 -06 Amounts available in bn Euro; for new Member States: 2004 -2006 60 Objective 1 50 Objective 2 Objective 3 40 Community Initiatives Cohesion Fund 30 20 10 10/22/2021 AT BE CY CZ DK EE FI FR DE GR HU IR IT LV LT LU MT NL PL PT SK SL SP SW UK

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 11 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 12 Narva, Estonia: ISPA finances better environment Several environmental projects in Estonia focus on waste water treatment. These projects include the improvement of the facilities in Narva City and Viljandi. 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 13 Bremen, Germany: new enterprises in old buildings The “Lichthaus” is former workers’ council buildung, belonging to a bancrupt shipbuildung area. Funded by the URBAN initiative, it now hosts 10 new media companies with 50 new created workplaces. 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 14 Valencia, Spain: new motorway Cofinanced by the European Regional Develpment Fund, Objective 1. 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 15 Porto, Portugal: funding of biotechnology facilities The University of Porto in the Norte region received funding for new laboratories. 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 16 Northumberland, UK: energy from windmills Within the Northern Energy Initiative in Northumberland, Northeast England, the ERDF financed this windmill park. 10/22/2021

Cohesion Policy and its financial instruments 17 Cohesion Policy 2007 -2013 3 Objectives Budget: € 336. 1 bn Programmes and Instruments Eligibility Priorities Convergence objective including a special programme for outermost regions • innovation; Regions with a GDP/head • environment/ Regional and national 75% of average EU 25 risk prevention; programmes • accessibility; Statistical effect: ERDF Regions with a GDP/head • infrastructure; ESF • human ressources; 75% of EU 15 • administrative capacity and >75% in EU 25 Cohesion Fund Member States GNI/head 90% EU 25 average • transport (TENs); • sustainable transport; • environment; • renewable energy 78. 5% (EUR 264 bn. ) 67. 34% = 177. 8 Mrd. EUR 8. 38% = 22. 14 Mrd. EUR 23. 86% = 62. 99 Mrd. EUR Regional competitiveness and employment objective 17. 2% (EUR 57. 9 bn. ) (0. 41% of EU-GDP) Regional programmes (ERDF) and national programmes (ESF) Member States suggest a list of regions (NUTS I or II) "Phasing-in" Regions covered by objective 1 beween 2000 -06 and not covered by the convergence objective • Innovation • environment/risk prevention • accessibility • European employment strategy European territorial co-operation objective 10/22/2021 Allocations Cross-border and transnational programmes and networking (ERDF) Border regions and greater regions of transnational co-operation • innovation; • environment/ risk prevention; • accessibility • culture, education 83. 44% = 48. 31 Mrd. EUR 16. 56% = 9. 58 Mrd. EUR 3. 94% (EUR 13. 2 bn. ) 35. 61% cross-border 12. 12% ENI 47. 73% transnat. 4. 54% f. networks