Cognitive Psychology The Multi Store Model Atkinson and

Cognitive Psychology The Multi Store Model Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) Reh ears Incoming Sensory Information Attention SM al Rehearsal STM LTM Decay Non. Attention Failure to retrieve Forgetting SM = Sensory Memory/Register STM = Short Term Memory LTM = Long Term Memory The Multi Store Model of Memory

Cognitive Psychology Key words Changing incoming information (new memory) so that it can be stored Holding information in the memory system Recovering (remembering) information from storage The Multi Store Model of Memory

Cognitive Psychology Visual Auditory Semantic Temporal Less than a second 3 – 18 seconds Potentially limitless 5% of all sensory input 7± 2 items Chunking Lack of attention Displacement Decay Potentially limitless Decay and interference The Multi Store Model of Memory

Evaluation of Multi Store Model Cognitive Psychology Terry’s (2005) research into Serial Position Effect shows the effects of decay and displacement, highlighting the existence of more than one memory store The model is oversimplistic (reductionist). Tulving says there could be more than one type of LTM. Overemphasises rehearsal – not everything has to be rehearsed to go into LTM. Case studies like Clive Waring – have LTM but no STM due to a virus that attacked his brain – evidence for the different stores. Can be tested scientifically in lab experiments. Korsakoff’s syndrome (chronic alcoholism) still have STM but no LTM – evidence of different stores in the model. The Multi Store Model of Memory

Evaluation PEEL Cognitive Psychology P The Multi-Store Model is reductionist. E This is because it over simplifies the complex human behaviour of memory into 3 distinct store, the sensory memory, short term memory and long term memory. E Tulving argues that there is more than one type of long term memory, he says there is semantic and episodic long term memory. This highlights the simplicity of the multi-store model which only talks about one type of memory. L However, being reductionist allows the MSM to be studied scientifically in a lab experiment, showing that being reductionist can be a strength of the model too. The Multi Store Model of Memory