COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY Kenneth J Malmberg Ph D ICONIC

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY Kenneth J. Malmberg, Ph. D

ICONIC AND ECHOIC MEMORY Kenneth J. Malmberg, Ph. D

The Modal Model - Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968) Structures: Invariant properties of memory 1. Sensory Memory: holds all incoming information for seconds or fractions of seconds 2. Short-term Memory (STM): limited capacity, holds information for 15 -30 seconds 3. Long-term Memory (LTM): holds large amount of information perhaps permanently

Sensory Memory

Sperling’s Work on Sensory Memory Sperling (1960) Briefly flash arrays of letters Follow with a mask Cue memory with a tone IV: Vary the number of letters DV: number of letters reported

Sperling’s Work: Critical Manipulation Full Report: Report all the Items Partial Report: Report only items from a specific row

Sperling’s Work: Findings Full Report: Report all the Items Partial Report: Report only items from a specific row After a delay subjects report approximately the same number letters in both tasks.

Echoic Memory Darwin, Turvey & Crowder (1972)

Echoic Memory: Findings Darwin, Turvey & Crowder (1972) Results

Iconic vs. Echoic Memory: Compare these Results: ? What is the major difference between iconic and echoic memory? Why is there a difference?

Study Guide 1 True or False? Sensory memory is where brief representations of our environment are stored. True False

Study Guide 1 True or False? Sensory memory is where brief representations of our environment are stored. True False

Study Guide 2 True or False? Iconic memory is place where auditory information is briefly held and echoic memory is where visual information is briefly held. True False

Study Guide 2 True or False? Iconic memory is place where auditory information is briefly held and echoic memory is where visual information is briefly held. True False

Study Guide 3 True or False? Sperling was interested in the capacity of iconic memory. True False

Study Guide 3 True or False? Sperling was interested in the capacity of iconic memory. True False

Study Guide 4 True or False? The full report procedure produces an inaccurate measure of the capacity of sensory memory True False

Study Guide 4 True or False? The full report procedure produces an inaccurate measure of the capacity of sensory memory True False

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