Cognitive Engineering n ISE 412 An interdisciplinary approach

User-centered design n The questions that drive design include the following: ¨ What are

the “cognitive systems triad” Factors in the external world/task domain: • Goal-means structure •

An example n Part 1: ¨ Look 1 2 at the following list of

Example (cont. ) n ISE 412 Now let’s do this again, but looking at

Modeling this with the cognitive triad: n In the space below, identify the specific

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Cognitive Engineering n ISE 412 An interdisciplinary approach to the development of principles, methods, tools, and techniques to guide the design of computerized systems intended to support human performance. 1

User-centered design n The questions that drive design include the following: ¨ What are the goals and constraints in the application domain? ¨ What range of tasks do domain practitioners perform? ¨ What strategies do they use to perform these tasks today? ¨ What factors contribute to task complexity? ¨ What tools can be provided to facilitate the work of domain practitioners and achieve their goals more effectively? from: Roth, E. M. , Patterson, E. S. , & Mumaw, R. J. Cognitive Engineering: Issues in User-Centered System Design. In J. J. Marciniak, Ed. Encylopedia of Software Engineering (2 nd Edition). NY: John Wiley and Sons. ISE 412 2

the “cognitive systems triad” Factors in the external world/task domain: • Goal-means structure • Complexity of task elements • Hazards • Constraints on actions • Temporal dynamics • Coupling between systems • Uncertainty and risk Wo rld Field of Practice Artifact ISE 412 Factors with human and machine agents: • Human Information Processing t • Perceptual characteristics n e • Memory and attention Ag characteristics • Basis for skill and expertise • Sources of error • Communication and coordination • Human-Human • Human-Intelligent system Factors with artifacts and information representations: • Mapping to domain goal-means structure • Visual Form • Directability / Gulf of execution • Observability / Gulf of evaluation 3

An example n Part 1: ¨ Look 1 2 at the following list of numbers: 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ¨ You and your partner take turns selecting a number. ¨ Once a number is selected it cannot be chosen again. ¨ The first one to get any 3 numbers that total 15 wins. ISE 412 4

Example (cont. ) n ISE 412 Now let’s do this again, but looking at the following arrangement of the numbers: 8 1 6 3 5 7 4 9 2 5

Modeling this with the cognitive triad: n In the space below, identify the specific factors of the agent, artifact, and world that affected the performance on this task … Wo t n e g rld A Field of Practice Artifact ISE 412 6