CODIS Combined DNA Index System CODIS STRs and

CODIS – Combined DNA Index System

CODIS STRs and Probability STR African American Caucasian D 351358 0. 097 0. 080 VWA 0. 074 0. 068 1/X = 0. 097 FGA 0. 036 0. 041 SOLVE FOR X TH 01 0. 114 0. 080 TPOX 0. 091 0. 207 X = 1/0. 097 = 10. 3 CFS 1 PO 0. 079 0. 128 D 5 S 818 0. 121 0. 166 This means the DNA matches one in 10. 3 people D 13 S 317 0. 139 0. 081 D 7 S 820 0. 087 0. 067 D 8 S 1179 0. 080 0. 069 D 21 S 11 0. 042 0. 041 D 18 S 51 0. 032 D 16 S 539 0. 076 0. 091 1/X = value Think about class evidence…how do we narrow down the pool of possible suspects?

Where is DNA found? DNA is contained in blood, semen, skin cells, tissue, organs, muscle, brain cells, bone, teeth, hair, saliva, mucus, perspiration, fingernails, urine, feces, etc. l http: //www. dna. gov/basics/ l THIS IS NUCLEAR DNA!

Two types of DNA l 1. Nuclear DNA (inside nucleus) 2. Mitochondrial DNA (mt. DNA) Analysis of mt. DNA is done when RFLP and STR cannot be used on NUCLEAR DNA

Nuclear DNA l Nuclear DNA: l Found in nucleus of cells l Contains 23 chromosome pairs l Each parent contributes half

Mitochondrial DNA Mitochondria are found in all cells of the body l Provides 90% of energy our bodies need to function l Contain bits of DNA passed down through generations l Hundreds of thousands of mitochondria per cell!! l What are the benefits? l What are the limitations? l

Nuclear vs. Mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial DNA l Used in identifying remains l Generous amount present in bones l Shows maternal lineage matches (will be identical if related through the mother)

In the NEWS: Sandringham l l http: //www. metro. co. uk/news/886331 -sandringham-murder-body-could-bemissing-teenager-say-police http: //www. telegraph. co. uk/news/uknews/crime/8998481/Sandringham-body -identification-will-take-further-three-days. html

Last March Royalty-obsessed Robert James Moore found dead l TOD ~ up to 3 yrs l

Missing Persons: Dung Beetle Biologist