Coating on performance Morgan Molten Metal Systems Gmb

Coating on performance Morgan Molten Metal Systems Gmb. H Berkatal, Germany Dr. Dieter Heumannskämper Mirco Pavoni

What is a crucible? Crucibles metals. Melting, refining non ferrous metals such as: aluminium, copper, zinc, precious

What is a crucible? Crucibles Melting, refining non ferrous metals such as: aluminium, copper, zinc, precious metals. Important properties High Erosion Resistance Low Dross Adhesion High Purity Of Melted Metal Performant Crucible Flux Attack Resistance

What is the purpose of coatings? Coatings Case studies show Increase performance of crucibles - Increased erosion resistance - Less dross adhesion - Increased purity of melted metal - Increased crucible lifetime

Star Coating Nano Boron Nitride Coating Crucible with STAR coating Bonding : Nano Zr. O 2 or Phosphate Main ingredient: Boron Nitride particles within the matrix Application temperature: Up to 1000°C Crucible with STAR coating

Star Coating Nano Boron Nitride Coating Typical application - High purity aluminium metal production (99. 999% purity) - High purity aluminium alloy melting - Precious metal melting

Star Coating Nano Boron Nitride Coating Key benefits: STAR coating - Low dross adhesion - Low impurities leak into molten metal - Low porosity, high density coat - Protection against aggressive compounds STAR coating as viewed under the microscope

Star Coating Nano Boron Nitride Coating Case study: Laboratory trial with aluminium (99. 999%) - Holding melted AL 5 N at 710°C for 48 hours - Tested for boron and silicon impurities before and after holding

Star Coating Nano Boron Nitride Coating Case study results: Laboratory trial with aluminium (99. 999%) - Very low adhesion of the metal - Easily removable even when solidified 1 mm 0. 4 mm Microscope pictures before and after holding Al 5 N in crucible with STAR coating

Star Coating Nano Boron Nitride Coating Case study: Induction furnace with aluminium (99. 999%) - Cylindrical crucible with STAR coating - Induction furnace 300 Hz, 300 k. W - Melting and casting Al 5 N Cylindrical crucible ZYLS 1300 x 760 with STAR coating

Star Coating Nano Boron Nitride Coating Case study results: Induction furnace with aluminium (99. 999%) - Coating is still present on the crucible surface - High purity sputtering targets with melt right out of the crucible - Very low dross adhesion, easy cleaning

Si. CH Coating Nanoscaled Sic Coating Crucible with Si. CH coating Bonding: Main ingredient: Colour: Application temperature: Carbon + Si. C Micro and nano sized Si. C particles Grey Up to 1600°C Crucible with Si. CH coating

Si. CH Coating Nanoscaled Sic Coating Typical application - Copper and copper alloys melting, with & without high fluxes usage - Precious metal refining - Zinc distillation

Si. CH Coating Nanoscaled Sic Coating Key benefits: Si. CH coating - Exceptional erosion resistance - High non-wettability leading to low dross adhesion - Low porosity, high density coat due to nano-scaled ingredients Si. CH coating under the microscope

Si. CH Coating Nanoscaled Sic Coating Case study: Cylindrical crucible with Si. CH coating Sn. Pb. Zn copper melting - Isostastically pressed cylindrical crucible with Si. CH coating - Low frequency (180 Hz) metal movement erosion - Crucible failure due to erosion (thin walls) Cylindrical crucible ZYLS 815 x 610 with Si. CH coating

Si. CH Coating Nanoscaled Sic Coating Case study results: Sn. Pb. Zn copper melting - Output increase by 20% over the crucible lifetime - Lower erosion rate - Increased crucible lifetime Melting of Sn. Pb. Zn copper alloy

Si. CH Coating Nanoscaled Sic Coating Case study results: Stabil E 323 VO with Si. CH coating Gold Refining - Increased amount of refined gold by 20 – 25% - Decreased erosion - Increased resitance to borax flux penetration

Si. CH Coating Nanoscaled Sic Coating Case study: Stabil TPC 587 HT with Si. CH coating Bronze - Gas fired furnace - Usual lifetime: 60 charges - Failing due to erosion (copper alloy, fluxes) Case study results: - Increased performance by 83% with coating (111 charges)

Si 3 N 4 Coating Silicon Nitride Coating Crucible with Si 3 N 4 coating Main ingredient: Colour: Application temperature: Nano silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4) particles White Up to 1500°C Crucible with Si 3 N 4 coating

Si 3 N 4 Coating Silicon Nitride Coating Typical application - Copper melting - Zinc distillation

Si 3 N 4 Coating Silicon Nitride Coating Key benefits: Si 3 N 4 coating - Exceptional erosion resistance - High non-wettability leading to low dross adhesion - Low porosity, high density coat due to nano-scaled ingredients Si 3 N 4 Coating under Microscope

Si 3 N 4 Coating Silicon Nitride Coating Case study: - FUS 750 Z 2 with Si 3 N 4 coating Zinc distillation Isostatically pressed crucible High amount of iron impurities Increased dross adhesion, difficult to remove Crucible volume decreased by 30 – 40% FUS 750 Z 2 Zinc distillation with a thick layer of dross

Conclusion Coatings improve specific and add new performance characteristics