Coal Where Does it Come From COAL A

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Coal Where Does it Come From?

Coal Where Does it Come From?

COAL

COAL

A black rock Comes from the remains of plants that have been compressed over

A black rock Comes from the remains of plants that have been compressed over millions of years in the Earth. It is about 75% carbon � Also may contain sulfur, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other substances. � What is in coal? What is Coal? �

Where is it? � So, if coal is buried under millions of years of

Where is it? � So, if coal is buried under millions of years of dirt and water, how do we get it out of the Earth?

Miners use earthmovers to remove surface of the earth to get the coal. �

Miners use earthmovers to remove surface of the earth to get the coal. � If coal is close to the surface of the Earth they will use this method. � Miners like this method because it is not as expensive. � Unfortunately, it also destroys the land at the surface. Mining Surface Mining � Miners dig tunnels into the Earth. � Then they use tools and explosives to remove the coal from the rock of the Earth. � Some mines are 1, 000 feet deep. Shaft Mining �

What Happens Then? � After the coal is removed from the Earth it is

What Happens Then? � After the coal is removed from the Earth it is loaded into mining cars and brought to the surface. � Then it is cleaned � Then it is loaded on to trains for transportation

Whew… � Let’s take a break and watch a video. › Return to the

Whew… � Let’s take a break and watch a video. › Return to the website and watch “How do they do it: coal mining? ”

Review � Let’s › › › review what we know so far. Coal is

Review � Let’s › › › review what we know so far. Coal is a black rock made up mostly of carbon It lies beneath millions of years of Earth Miners work to remove it from the Earth It is a source of energy for us Top mining states are Montana, Wyoming, Kentucky, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania

Vocabulary � Carbon: a chemical element found in coal as well as plants and

Vocabulary � Carbon: a chemical element found in coal as well as plants and animals � Fuel: a substance that is used for heat or energy � Mine: a place where miners work to get certain materials out of the Earth � Nonrenewable: can be used up—there is a limited supply

Where? Where is coal mined? �

Where? Where is coal mined? �

Why do we want the coal? � Why is coal important, and why do

Why do we want the coal? � Why is coal important, and why do miners work so hard to bring the coal to the surface? › The main use of coal today is for electricity. › Plants burn the coal to create steam, the steam powers machines that create electricity.

� It is also used to help transform iron into steel. Coal heated to

� It is also used to help transform iron into steel. Coal heated to make coke can be heated to high temperatures changes iron ore to iron is used to make steel � The high temperatures give steel strength and flexibility � It can then be made into things like bridges and automobiles. �

Is Coal the only thing we mine? � No! We get many things through

Is Coal the only thing we mine? � No! We get many things through mining. � Let's Do Some Cyber Prospecting! › Click on the link and when you arrive, choose a state and click on it to see what they mine. Don’t forget to fill in question 3 as you prospect.

Types of Fuel � Here are some other types of fuel. Make sure and

Types of Fuel � Here are some other types of fuel. Make sure and jot them down in your journal. › We have already learned about coal �Do you remember that coal is a nonrenewable substance? › Other nonrenewable fuels �oil and natural gas. › Other fuels �Ethanol �Petroleum

You be the judge…. . is coal good or bad? � PROS › We

You be the judge…. . is coal good or bad? � PROS › We have a large supply › It is cheaper to make coal into an energy source than other substances › Provides energy for plants and electricity for homes � CONS › Releases pollutants into the air › Coal ash can be highly toxic › Mixes with oxygen when it burns and creates carbondioxide, which increases Earth’s temperatures

Did you know? � The Hopi Indians were the first people to use coal

Did you know? � The Hopi Indians were the first people to use coal in North America. � Thomas Edison built a coal-fired electric generating plant in 1882.

Credits � http: //www. eia. gov/kids/energy. cfm? page=co al_home-basics#coal_mining-basics � http: //www. msha. gov/KIDS/MINING.

Credits � http: //www. eia. gov/kids/energy. cfm? page=co al_home-basics#coal_mining-basics � http: //www. msha. gov/KIDS/MINING. HTM � http: //www. eulesstx. gov/recycling/steel_maki ng. htm � http: //science. discovery. com/videos/how-dothey-do-it-coal-mining. html