Coach Manna The Ottoman Empire Expands Topkapi Palace

Coach Manna

The Ottoman Empire Expands

Topkapi Palace Model

The Actual Topkapi Palace

Topkapi Harem

It’s Good to Be the Sultan!

Topkapi “Fruit Room”

Topkapi’s Great Craftsmenship

The Decline of the Empire: 18 c

Greek War for Independence: 1821 -1832

Crimean War: 1854 -1856 The “Sick Man of Europe”!

The Ottoman Empire in 1914

Sultan Abdul Hamid II: 1876 -1909 The Last Ottoman Emperor!

The Young Turks Revolt: 1908 § The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP). § Enver Pasha § Mehmet Talaat Ø Grand Vizier, 1917 -1918 Ø Minister of War Ø Ottoman Commanderin-Chief

The Young Turks Program § Pushed for reforms basic democratic rights: Ø freedom of speech. Ø freedom of assembly. Ø freedom of the press. § Problem of nationalism within (heterogeneous empire).

Two Armed Camps Allied Powers : Central Powers :

World War I Alliances: 1914 -1918

Europeans Carve Up the Ottoman Empire After WW 1

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 -1938) § Republican People’s Party Goals: Ø republicanism (National Assembly). Ø nationalism (“Turkification”). Ø populism (for the benefit of the people). Ø statism (state-controlled economy). Ø secularism (free from religious control). Ø reformism. § 1924 abolished the caliphate.

Atatürk’s Reforms 1. “Turkify” the Islamic faith Ø Translate the Qur’an into Turkish. Ø Secular education. Ø Ministry of Religious Affairs abolished. Ø Sharia courts closed new secular courts. 2. Western-style clothing Ø Forbid the wearing of the fez Ø Western-style men’s suits. Ø Attacked the veiling of women.

Atatürk’s Reforms 3. Language Reform: Ø Roman alphabet replaced the Arabic script. Ø Literacy in new alphabet required for government positions. 4. State Socialism: Ø State banks established to finance government-controlled businesses. 5. Adoption of a Surname.